2014年中考英语常见考点：虚拟语气
<p> 知识点总结</p><p> 虚拟，在汉语中表示一种假设的，不存在的情况，同样，英语中虚拟语气是用 来表示说话人的主观愿望或假想，而不表示客观存在的事实，所说的是一个条件，不一定是事实，或与事实相反。虚拟语气通过谓语动词的特殊形式来表示。在初中阶段，虚拟语气一般用于下列情况：</p><p> 一、条件状语从句</p><p> 1、与现在事实相反</p><p> 若与现在事实相反，虚拟语气的条件从句的谓语用过去式(<span word="be">be</span>通常用<span word="were">were</span>)，主句谓语用<span word="should">should</span> (<span word="would">would</span>, <span word="could">could</span>, <span word="might">might</span>)+动词原形。如：</p><p> <span word="If">If</span> <span word="I">I</span> <span word="were">were</span> <span word="you">you</span>, <span word="I">I</span> <span word="would">would</span> <span word="take">take</span> <span word="an">an</span> <span word="umbrella">umbrella</span>. 如果我是你，我会带把伞。(事实上我不可能是你)</p><p> <span word="If">If</span> <span word="I">I</span> <span word="knew">knew</span> <span word="her">her</span> <span word="number">number</span> <span word="I">I</span> <span word="could">could</span> <span word="ring">ring</span> <span word="her">her</span> <span word="up">up</span>. 要是我知道她的电话号码，我就可以给她打电话了。 (事实上我不知道)</p><p> 2、与过去事实相反</p><p> 若与过去事实相反，从句：主语+<span word="had">had</span> <span word="done">done</span> ， 主句：主语+<span word="should">should</span>/<span word="would">would</span>/<span word="could">could</span>/<span word="might">might</span>+<span word="have">have</span> <span word="d">d</span> <span word="one">one</span> ，例如：</p><p> <span word="If">If</span> <span word="Id">Id</span> <span word="left">left</span> <span word="sooner">sooner</span>，<span word="Id">Id</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="been">been</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="time">time</span>. 要是我早点动身，我就准时到了。(但我动身太迟了)</p><p> <span word="If">If</span> <span word="I">I</span> <span word="had">had</span> <span word="got">got</span> <span word="there">there</span> <span word="earlier">earlier</span>, <span word="I">I</span> <span word="should">should</span>/<span word="could">could</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="met">met</span> <span word="her">her</span>. 如果我早到那儿，我 就会见到她。 (事实：去晚了)</p><p> 3、与将来事实相反</p>
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