初中语法精挑细讲之动词的语态
<p>动词的语态</p><p> 1. 语态定义：英语中表示主语和谓语之间的关系的动词形式称为语态。英语的语态分为主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。<span word="We">We</span> <span word="teach">teach</span> <span word="English">English</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="our">our</span> <span word="school">school</span> .(主动) <span word="English">English</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="taught">taught</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="our">our</span> <span word="school">school</span> .(被动)</p><p> 2. 被动语态：助动词<span word="Be">Be</span> + 及物动词的过去分词(<span word="be">be</span> +<span word="p">p</span>.<span word="p">p</span>.)，<span word="be">be</span>有人称、时态和数的变化。见下表：</p><p> 时态 谓语动词的形式 例子</p><p> 一般现在时 <span word="Am">Am</span> / <span word="is">is</span> / <span word="are">are</span> + 动词过去分词 <span word="Colour">Colour</span> <span word="TVs">TVs</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="made">made</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="factory">factory</span> .</p><p> 一般过去时 <span word="Was">Was</span> / <span word="were">were</span> +动词过去分词 <span word="My">My</span> <span word="hometown">hometown</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="liberated">liberated</span> <span word="in">in</span> 1949 .</p><p> 一般将来时 <span word="Shall">Shall</span> / <span word="will">will</span> + <span word="be">be</span> +动词过去分词 <span word="The">The</span> <span word="film">film</span> <span word="will">will</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="shown">shown</span> <span word="again">again</span> .</p><p> 现在进行时 <span word="Am">Am</span> / <span word="is">is</span> / <span word="are">are</span> + <span word="being">being</span> +动词过去分词 <span word="The">The</span> <span word="walls">walls</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="being">being</span> <span word="painted">painted</span> .</p><p> 过去进行时 <span word="Was">Was</span> / <span word="were">were</span> +<span word="being">being</span>动词过去分词 <span word="The">The</span> <span word="tickets">tickets</span> <span word="were">were</span> <span word="being">being</span> <span word="well">well</span> <span word="sold">sold</span> <span word="then">then</span> .</p><p> 现在完成时 <span word="Has">Has</span> / <span word="have">have</span> + <span word="been">been</span> + 动词过去分词 <span word="A">A</span> <span word="new">new</span> <span word="road">road</span> <span word="has">has</span> <span word="been">been</span> <span word="built">built</span> <span word="here">here</span> .</p><p> 时态 谓语动词的形式 例子</p><p> 过去完成时 <span word="Had">Had</span> + <span word="been">been</span> +动词过去分词 <span word="Much">Much</span> <span word="had">had</span> <span word="been">been</span> <span word="done">done</span> <span word="before">before</span> <span word="mother">mother</span> <span word="came">came</span> <span word="back">back</span> .</p><p> 含有情态动词的被动语态 情态动词+<span word="be">be</span>+动词过去分词 <span word="The">The</span> <span word="composition">composition</span> <span word="must">must</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="handed">handed</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="today">today</span> .</p>
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