初中英语语法：“疑问词+不定式”
<p> 一、该结构的句法功能</p><p> <span word="wh">wh</span>-词+不定式主要用作宾语：</p><p> <span word="We">We</span> <span word="must">must</span> <span word="think">think</span> <span word="what">what</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="do">do</span>. 我们必须考虑怎么办。</p><p> <span word="I">I</span> <span word="cant">cant</span> <span word="decide">decide</span> <span word="whom">whom</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="invite">invite</span>. 我不能决定该邀请谁。</p><p> <span word="He">He</span> <span word="had">had</span> <span word="no">no</span> <span word="idea">idea</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="how">how</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="do">do</span> <span word="it">it</span>. 他不知道如何做此事。</p><p> 除用作宾语外，还可用作主语、表语等：</p><p> <span word="When">When</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="leave">leave</span> <span word="has">has</span> <span word="not">not</span> <span word="been">been</span> <span word="decided">decided</span>. 何时离开还没有决定。</p><p> <span word="The">The</span> <span word="question">question</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="how">how</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="find">find</span> <span word="him">him</span>. 问题是如何找到他。</p><p> 二、<span word="why">why</span>用于该结构的注意点</p><p> 原则上说，<span word="why">why</span> 后不接不定式，不过若不定式不带 <span word="to">to</span>，则可用 <span word="why">why</span>：</p><p> <span word="Why">Why</span> <span word="not">not</span> <span word="go">go</span> <span word="there">there</span> <span word="at">at</span> <span word="once">once</span>? 为什么不马上去那儿呢?</p><p> <span word="Why">Why</span> <span word="argue">argue</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="her">her</span>? 为什么要跟她争论呢?</p><p> 【注】这类结构通常只用于谈论现在和将来，不用于谈论过去：</p><p> 误：<span word="Why">Why</span> <span word="not">not</span> <span word="clean">clean</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="room">room</span> <span word="yesterday">yesterday</span>?</p><p> 正：<span word="Why">Why</span> <span word="didnt">didnt</span> <span word="you">you</span> <span word="clean">clean</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="room">room</span> <span word="yesterday">yesterday</span>? 你昨天为什么不打扫房间?</p><p> 三、<span word="how">how</span>用于该结构的注意点</p><p> 有些动词后接<span word="how">how</span>+不定式作宾语时，<span word="how">how</span>可省略：</p><p> <span word="Did">Did</span> <span word="you">you</span> <span word="learn">learn</span> (<span word="how">how</span>) <span word="to">to</span> <span word="drive">drive</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="car">car</span>? 你学过开车吗?</p><p> 但是，有些动词后面接疑问词<span word="how">how</span>+不定式作宾语时，尽管其中的<span word="how">how</span>在汉语中无需译出，但却不能将 <span word="how">how</span> 省略：</p>
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