中考英语复习资料：从奥巴马演讲词看英语写作词汇的应用
<p> 怎样使一篇英语文章的语言丰富、不枯燥也许令很多英语初学者头疼。原因大体分为：一是由于自己的单词量不大，写来写去总是几个句型和熟得不能再熟的单词，怎么看怎么像小学生作文一样提不起高度。二是尽管背了很多单词，但只处于认知的高度，怎样使用就不会了。这就是我们常说的吃了很多但倒不出来。所以，有一些同学因此产生逆反心理，认为学好英语尤其是英语写作简直比登天还难，自信心受挫。那么，怎样在英语写作中巧妙运用单词，达到妙笔生花呢?今天我们从刚当选美国总统的奥巴马演讲中的几个片断来分析一下英语词汇的运用。</p><p> <span word="If">If</span> <span word="there">there</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="anyone">anyone</span> <span word="out">out</span> <span word="there">there</span> <span word="who">who</span> <span word="still">still</span> <span word="doubts">doubts</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="America">America</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="place">place</span> <span word="where">where</span> <span word="all">all</span> <span word="things">things</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="possible">possible</span>, <span word="who">who</span> <span word="still">still</span> <span word="wonders">wonders</span> <span word="if">if</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="dream">dream</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="our">our</span> <span word="founders">founders</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="alive">alive</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="our">our</span> <span word="time">time</span>, <span word="who">who</span> <span word="still">still</span> <span word="questions">questions</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="power">power</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="our">our</span> <span word="democracy">democracy</span>, <span word="tonight">tonight</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="your">your</span> <span word="answer">answer</span>. (如果现在仍然有人在那里怀疑着美国是不是任何事情都可能发生的地方，疑惑于我们国家的缔造者们的梦想是否还鲜活地存在于这个时代，对我们民主的力量打上问号的话，今夜就是你的答案。)</p><p> 奥巴马胜利演讲词的第一部分用了一个气势恢宏的排比句，句子中的三个谓语动词值得我们学习：<span word="doubt">doubt</span>、<span word="wonder">wonder</span>、<span word="question">question</span>。这三个词意相近，指怀疑。为了避免词语的重复使用，运用了三个近义词，这种现象在英语写作中称为<span word="variety">variety</span>，多样性。在写作中我们可以通过意译，<span word="paraphrase">paraphrase</span>来练习。比如，我们刚刚学到了一个词语，<span word="important">important</span>，重要，那么除了这一个词，还有其他的表达方式吗?<span word="significant">significant</span>,是和<span word="important">important</span> 互换率最高的词语。<span word="come">come</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="everything">everything</span> <span word="else">else</span>、<span word="putfirst">putfirst</span>、 <span word="play">play</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="role">role</span> <span word="in">in</span>等都是与重要意思相近的短语，大家在写作中应该学着交换使用。</p>
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