初中英语考点总结——初中英语常用构词法
<p> 1、 合成法</p><p> 合成法至今保持着旺盛的生命力，在现代英语中不少新词都是借助原有的词合成的。</p><p> 1)名词+名词名词</p><p> <span word="basket">basket</span>(篮子)+<span word="ball">ball</span>(球) <span word="basketball">basketball</span>篮球</p><p> <span word="book">book</span> (书) +<span word="shop">shop</span>(商店 )<span word="bookshop">bookshop</span>书店</p><p> <span word="house">house</span>(房子) +<span word="work">work</span>(劳动)<span word="housework">housework</span>家务劳动</p><p> 2)形容词+名词名词</p><p> <span word="black">black</span>(黑色的)+<span word="board">board</span>( 木 板) <span word="blackboard">blackboard</span>黑板</p><p> <span word="English">English</span>(英国的)+<span word="man">man</span>(人) <span word="Englishman">Englishman</span>英国人</p><p> <span word="loud">loud</span>(大声的)+<span word="speaker">speaker</span>(说话者) <span word="loudspeaker">loudspeaker</span>扬声器</p><p> 3)介词+名词名词(或形容词)</p><p> <span word="after">after</span>(在后)+<span word="noon">noon</span>(正午) <span word="afternoon">afternoon</span>下午</p><p> <span word="under">under</span>(在下面)+<span word="ground">ground</span>(地面)<span word="underground">underground</span>地下的</p><p> 4)名词+过去分词形容词</p><p> <span word="man">man</span>(人)+<span word="made">made</span>(做)<span word="man">man</span>-<span word="made">made</span>人造的</p><p> 5)名词(形容词)+名词+<span word="ed">ed</span>形容词</p><p> <span word="glass">glass</span>(玻璃)+<span word="topped">topped</span>(顶部的) <span word="glass">glass</span>-<span word="topped">topped</span>玻璃罩着的</p><p> <span word="kind">kind</span>(善良的)+<span word="hearted">hearted</span>(心) <span word="kind">kind</span>-<span word="hearted">hearted</span>好心的</p><p> 6)副词+名词介词</p><p> <span word="in">in</span>(里面)+<span word="side">side</span>(边) <span word="inside">inside</span>在内</p><p> <span word="down">down</span>(在下)+<span word="stairs">stairs</span>(楼梯) <span word="downstairs">downstairs</span>在楼下</p><p> 2、派生法</p><p> 派生法是通过在词根上加后缀或前缀构成新词。它不仅扩充了英语词汇，而且丰富了语言的表现力。</p>
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