专家教你如何捕捉中考英语时态时间
<p> 动词时态语态是中考考查的重点，也是整个英语语言体系中的主干知识。由于汉语里动词没有时态的变化，因此，学习和掌握英语，就要建立时态“感觉”。不管汉语里说不说“过去、现在和将来”，使用英语时，动词的时间背景是什么，我们要不断体味。例如：</p><p> ——<span word="Uh">Uh</span>，<span word="this">this</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="your">your</span> <span word="first">first</span> <span word="time">time</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="city">city</span>， <span word="right">right</span>？</p><p> ——<span word="Yeah">Yeah</span>.<span word="How">How</span> <span word="did">did</span> <span word="you">you</span> <span word="know">know</span>？</p><p> ——这是你第一次到城里来，对吗？</p><p> ——没错，你怎么知道的？</p><p> 回答中“<span word="How">How</span> <span word="did">did</span> <span word="you">you</span> <span word="know">know</span>?”使用的是一般过去时。这样的表达，用汉语是难以体现的，学习时要特别留心积累。</p><p> 动词的时态，在时间上涉及过去、过去将来、现在和将来；在形态上有一般、进行、完成和完成进行，因此，时态总共有16个。回答动词时态、语态题目时，要根据题干，捕捉动作的时间背景，这是选准时态的前提和关键。</p><p> 一、判断时态找时间，不要被“<span word="for">for</span>”“<span word="already">already</span>”和“<span word="yet">yet</span>”等词所迷惑</p><p> 例如：——<span word="Has">Has</span> <span word="your">your</span> <span word="father">father</span> <span word="returned">returned</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="Africa">Africa</span> <span word="yet">yet</span>？</p><p> ——<span word="Yes">Yes</span>， <span word="but">but</span> <span word="he">he</span>___ <span word="here">here</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="only">only</span> <span word="three">three</span> <span word="days">days</span> <span word="before">before</span> <span word="his">his</span> <span word="company">company</span> <span word="sent">sent</span> <span word="him">him</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="Australia">Australia</span>.</p><p> <span word="A">A</span>.<span word="was">was</span> <span word="B">B</span>.<span word="has">has</span> <span word="been">been</span></p><p> <span word="C">C</span>.<span word="will">will</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="D">D</span>.<span word="would">would</span> <span word="be">be</span></p><p> 很多同学一看到回答中“…<span word="here">here</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="only">only</span> <span word="three">three</span> <span word="days">days</span>”就马上选了<span word="B">B</span>，用动词的现在完成时。但是后半句“…<span word="before">before</span> <span word="his">his</span> <span word="company">company</span> <span word="sent">sent</span> <span word="him">him</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="Australia">Australia</span>.”中的“<span word="sent">sent</span>”显然就告诉我们这是过去的时间背景，整句话“他在这呆了3天之后就被公司派往了澳大利亚”，这说明他现在不在这里。因此，本题不能选择现在完成时，应当选择<span word="A">A</span>。之所以出现这样的错误，是同学们一看到“<span word="for">for</span>”就认为它是现在完成时的标志。其实，<span word="for">for</span>表示一个时间段，过去、现在和将来都可用。 </p>
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