初中英语句子 必须掌握的主要句式讲解及例子分析
<p> ?初中所学的句型一般要分为陈述句、疑问句、祈使句和感叹句。?</p><p> 陈述句中有肯定句与否定句之分。其中可以分为以下五种：① 主语+不及物动词。如：<span word="I">I</span> <span word="arrived">arrived</span> <span word="at">at</span> <span word="six">six</span> <span word="last">last</span> <span word="night">night</span>.② 主语+及物动词+宾语，如：<span word="I">I</span> <span word="bought">bought</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="good">good</span> <span word="English">English</span>?<span word="Chinese">Chinese</span> <span word="Dictionary">Dictionary</span> <span word="yesterday">yesterday</span>.③ 主语+及物动词+间接宾语+直接宾语，如：<span word="Please">Please</span> <span word="tell">tell</span> <span word="me">me</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="story">story</span> <span word="before">before</span> <span word="I">I</span> <span word="go">go</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="bed">bed</span>. 这样可加双宾语的句子有<span word="buy">buy</span>,<span word="tell">tell</span>, <span word="give">give</span>, <span word="ask">ask</span>, <span word="pass">pass</span>, <span word="teach">teach</span>.④ 主语+及物动词+宾语+宾语补足语，如：<span word="I">I</span> <span word="found">found</span> <span word="it">it</span> <span word="impossible">impossible</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="do">do</span> <span word="it">it</span>. <span word="Please">Please</span> <span word="keep">keep</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="classroom">classroom</span> <span word="clean">clean</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="tidy">tidy</span>.⑤ 主语+系动词+表语，如：<span word="Tom">Tom</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="an">an</span> <span word="American">American</span> <span word="boy">boy</span>. <span word="The">The</span> <span word="grass">grass</span> <span word="turned">turned</span> <span word="green">green</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="spring">spring</span>.在初中常见的句型中有<span word="There">There</span> <span word="be">be</span>句型，表示存在某种事物，如：<span word="There">There</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="map">map</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="wall">wall</span>?其<span word="be">be</span>动词的形式要与其后面相近的那个名词相一致。要注意的是这种句型加入助动词后，也要保持<span word="be">be</span>动词，不要换用<span word="have">have</span>,如：<span word="There">There</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="going">going</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="meeting">meeting</span> <span word="tomorrow">tomorrow</span>.?在句子结构中要注意主谓一致的问题，即句子的主语与谓语动词要相呼应。</p><p> 要注意的有如下几点：① 用<span word="and">and</span>连接两个主语时一般应视为复数，但如一人身兼两职时则要用单数谓语动词形式，如：<span word="A">A</span> <span word="singer">singer</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="dancer">dancer</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="coming">coming</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="our">our</span> <span word="party">party</span>. <span word="a">a</span> <span word="singer">singer</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="dancer">dancer</span> 既歌唱又可舞的演员。而 <span word="a">a</span> <span word="singer">singer</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="dancer">dancer</span> 则要译为：一位歌唱家和一位舞蹈家。②有些以 <span word="s">s</span> 结尾的名词谓语动词要用单数，如： <span word="The">The</span> <span word="news">news</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="good">good</span> (<span word="news">news</span> 为不可数名词)。③ 有量词时应按量词的数量计算；如： <span word="This">This</span> <span word="pair">pair</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="glasses">glasses</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="good">good</span>? <span word="My">My</span> <span word="glasses">glasses</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="broken">broken</span>. ④有些形单却意为复数的名词，如： <span word="People">People</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="coming">coming</span> <span word="here">here</span>? 这样的词还有 <span word="Police">Police</span>， 如果要讲一个警察时，应讲 <span word="a">a</span> <span word="policeman">policeman</span>。 两个警察为 <span word="two">two</span> <span word="policemen">policemen</span>。 又如 <span word="a">a</span> <span word="policewoman">policewoman</span>, <span word="two">two</span> <span word="policewomen">policewomen</span>? ⑤ 所有不定代词 <span word="each">each</span>， <span word="either">either</span>， <span word="neither">neither</span>， <span word="one">one</span>， <span word="the">the</span> <span word="other">other</span>， <span word="nobody">nobody</span>， <span word="nothing">nothing</span>， <span word="anyone">anyone</span>， <span word="anything">anything</span>， <span word="someone">someone</span>， <span word="something">something</span>要作为单数如： <span word="Someone">Someone</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="waiting">waiting</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="you">you</span>??在并列句中表示联合关系的连词有： <span word="and">and</span> <span word="not">not</span> <span word="only">only</span><span word="but">but</span> <span word="also">also</span>， <span word="neither">neither</span><span word="nor">nor</span>， <span word="either">either</span><span word="or">or</span>? 如: <span word="My">My</span> <span word="sister">sister</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="my">my</span> <span word="parents">parents</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="going">going</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="cinema">cinema</span>。</p>
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