不认识单词莫慌张：雅思阅读的猜词技巧
<p> 雅思阅读题型多变，考点在文中飘忽不定。但是作为国际化的学术英语考试，自然有其严肃稳定的考查目的和内容，始终会把对英语篇章结构和行文规律的理解作为阅读的一项基本要求重点考查。因此加强这方面的学习研究是从根本上提高应试能力的途径。本文仅从英语行文结构中逻辑关系词的作用及其阅读功能这一具体方面作初步探讨。</p><p> 关于逻辑关系词在阅读中的作用，我们首先来看一段文字：</p><p> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="discourse">discourse</span> <span word="markers">markers</span> <span word="signal">signal</span> <span word="relationships">relationships</span>: <span word="between">between</span> <span word="different">different</span> <span word="parts">parts</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="discourse">discourse</span><span word="the">the</span> <span word="main">main</span> <span word="reason">reason</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="studying">studying</span> <span word="them">them</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="their">their</span> <span word="usefulness">usefulness</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="helping">helping</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="reader">reader</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="work">work</span> <span word="out">out</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="meaning">meaning</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="difficult">difficult</span> <span word="text">text</span>. <span word="They">They</span> <span word="often">often</span> <span word="show">show</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="relationship">relationship</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="writer">writer</span> <span word="intends">intends</span> <span word="between">between</span> <span word="two">two</span> <span word="parts">parts</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="text">text</span>, <span word="so">so</span> <span word="if">if</span> <span word="you">you</span> <span word="can">can</span> <span word="understand">understand</span> <span word="one">one</span> <span word="part">part</span>, <span word="the">the</span> <span word="discourse">discourse</span> <span word="marker">marker</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="possible">possible</span> <span word="key">key</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="other">other</span> <span word="part">part</span>.</p><p> 关于<span word="discourse">discourse</span> <span word="marker">marker</span>，<span word="P">P</span>.<span word="H">H</span>.<span word="Matthews">Matthews</span>在其<span word="Oxford">Oxford</span> <span word="Concise">Concise</span> <span word="Dictionary">Dictionary</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="Linguistics">Linguistics</span> 一书中是这样描述的：<span word="Any">Any</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="variety">variety</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="units">units</span> <span word="whose">whose</span> <span word="function">function</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="within">within</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="larger">larger</span> <span word="discourse">discourse</span> <span word="rather">rather</span> <span word="than">than</span> <span word="an">an</span> <span word="individual">individual</span> <span word="sentence">sentence</span> <span word="or">or</span> <span word="clause">clause</span>: <span word="e">e</span>.<span word="g">g</span>. <span word="but">but</span> <span word="then">then</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="But">But</span> <span word="then">then</span> <span word="he">he</span> <span word="might">might</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="late">late</span>. <span word="discourse">discourse</span> <span word="marker">marker</span>虽然范围更加广泛一些，但从以上文字不难看出，它包括了我们所熟悉的逻辑关系词。也由此可见，特别重视形式逻辑和思维分析的英语行文，在词语之间和句子之间往往会借助各种逻辑关系词清楚表达思维逻辑和语意关系。因此了解和掌握逻辑关系词可以帮助我们把握文章中语意的转换和发展，理解文章重点表达的意思。</p>
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