雅思口语较难话题应对技巧
<p> 雅思考试虽说是以人性化着称，没有过于专业的内容，仅重视考生对英语的实际运用能力。但不可避免地也会出现为难考生的题。也就是说，去参加雅思考试，七分靠实力，那么三分还得靠运气。以口语考试为例，常听到考生言：杯具啊，考到法律，这下完了， 面料设计！<span word="BT">BT</span>到极点！对于这些所谓的难题，考生应该如何应对？其实这关乎到一个如何备考的问题，到底在考前该做怎样的准备才能保证考试中以不变应万变，沉着接招，稳操胜券？本文中就来回答这个问题。 一、硬碰硬，真金不怕火炼 对于备考时间较长（半年或以上）的考生，建议大家本着务实求真的精神，彻彻底底将口语基础打牢。切记，口语和写作都是真正揭晓实力的两门，绝不能依仗技巧取胜。有经验的考官不会完全照读考题，而是会为你量身定做（<span word="Tailor">Tailor</span>-<span word="made">made</span>）顺势出题，所以如果完全是所谓的技巧搭起来的空中楼阁的话，注定会不攻自破。因此，一定要充分利用这段较长的备考期，多开口，勤练习，进行实战模拟，让自己的口语有质的提高。 二、由难到易，化繁为简 一定的实力基础固然必不可少，但口语成绩的提高也不是完全没有捷径可走。聪明的考生能做到扬长避短，迎合评分要求回答，在短短的十来分钟内包装自己的语言，有更好的发挥。下面朗阁海外考试研究中心将介绍三种化繁为简的方法，供大家参考。 第一招：减少描述，增加议论； 纵览各类卡片题，发现一个共同的关键词，即<span word="Describe">Describe</span>, 如<span word="Describe">Describe</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="teacher">teacher</span> <span word="who">who</span> <span word="has">has</span> <span word="greatly">greatly</span> <span word="influenced">influenced</span> <span word="you">you</span>（人物题），<span word="Describe">Describe</span> <span word="an">an</span> <span word="object">object</span> <span word="you">you</span> <span word="use">use</span> <span word="everyday">everyday</span>（物品题），<span word="Describe">Describe</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="shop">shop</span> <span word="you">you</span> <span word="often">often</span> <span word="go">go</span> <span word="to">to</span>（地点题），<span word="Describe">Describe</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="family">family</span> <span word="event">event</span>（事件题）。很多考生会集中精力去思考如何<span word="Describe">Describe</span>，所以在人物题中会试着用很多语言去描述外貌特征，如大大的眼睛，长长的睫毛，粉粉的脸颊，厚厚的嘴唇。且不论该考生是否都能将这些中文描述对应的恰当英文找到，除非是口语基础相当不错的考生，不然挑这些内容去讲无疑是搬起石头砸自己的脚。人物题还算是比较容易描述的了，那碰到物品题描述一个家用电器怎么办，如何去<span word="Describe">Describe</span>？以<span word="a">a</span> <span word="washing">washing</span> <span word="machine">machine</span>为例，我们能想到的内容可能是颜色，<span word="Its">Its</span> <span word="color">color</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="white">white</span>. 大小，<span word="Its">Its</span> <span word="one">one</span> <span word="meter">meter</span> <span word="high">high</span>. 别的似乎没什么可讲的了。这个时候就可以增加议论或评价。对于颜色，可以添加的内容是<span word="The">The</span> <span word="reason">reason</span> <span word="why">why</span> <span word="I">I</span> <span word="chose">chose</span> <span word="this">this</span> <span word="color">color</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="it">it</span> <span word="matches">matches</span> <span word="well">well</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="my">my</span> <span word="bathroom">bathroom</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="besides">besides</span>, <span word="white">white</span> <span word="has">has</span> <span word="always">always</span> <span word="been">been</span> <span word="my">my</span> <span word="favorite">favorite</span> <span word="color">color</span>. <span word="Its">Its</span> <span word="clean">clean</span>. <span word="You">You</span> <span word="know">know</span>. 而对于大小，也可评价一番<span word="It">It</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="actually">actually</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="smallest">smallest</span> <span word="size">size</span> <span word="at">at</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="time">time</span>. <span word="I">I</span> <span word="put">put</span> <span word="it">it</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="corner">corner</span>, <span word="and">and</span> <span word="it">it</span> <span word="takes">takes</span> <span word="only">only</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="little">little</span> <span word="space">space</span>. 由此可见，评价性的语言通常比描述更为具体，可以看做是对前一句的补充说明或者是例证拓展。这种对于每一点信息都要给出议论的习惯一定要养成，可以使我们的说话内容顿时翻倍。 第二招：变抽象为具体 很多考生觉得口语话题难，就是因为没话说，特别是看似较为抽象的话题，如<span word="Describe">Describe</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="success">success</span>。总觉得<span word="success">success</span>肯定是较为光鲜的事迹，对照自己似乎找不到素材。其实如果把<span word="success">success</span>具体化，看作是<span word="successfully">successfully</span> <span word="did">did</span> <span word="sth">sth</span>，构思就会容易许多。可以讲成功地网上交友、购物，与网络话题结合，可以讲成功地交到一个知心益友，与朋友话题相结合。又如<span word="part">part</span> 3中的一些抽象问题，如<span word="How">How</span> <span word="has">has</span> <span word="technology">technology</span> <span word="changed">changed</span> <span word="peoples">peoples</span> <span word="life">life</span>? 如果单单从较高层面总的去概括科技如何改变生活会觉得语言内容上频频受限，而换个角度，如果把<span word="change">change</span>具体化，举自己的家庭为例，讲起来就顺口多了。<span word="Well">Well</span>, <span word="technology">technology</span> <span word="did">did</span> <span word="change">change</span> <span word="our">our</span> <span word="life">life</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="lot">lot</span>. <span word="Take">Take</span> <span word="my">my</span> <span word="family">family</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="an">an</span> <span word="example">example</span>, <span word="ten">ten</span> <span word="years">years</span> <span word="ago">ago</span>, <span word="we">we</span> <span word="used">used</span> <span word="electric">electric</span> <span word="fan">fan</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="hot">hot</span> <span word="summer">summer</span> <span word="but">but</span> <span word="now">now</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="air">air</span>-<span word="conditioning">conditioning</span> <span word="brings">brings</span> <span word="us">us</span> <span word="more">more</span> <span word="comfort">comfort</span>. 第三招：扭转乾坤，话题巧转移 短短的十几分钟时间内，讲自己有准备的话题内容肯定比临场发挥好，至少在语言质量上能略胜一筹。再次强调，口语考试重形式而非内容，只要能巧妙自然地将拿到的话题转到自己觉得熟悉的内容上来，必定会有更好的效果。如<span word="A">A</span> <span word="piece">piece</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="good">good</span> <span word="law">law</span>，这个难倒了众多考生的杀手题触及到我们较为不熟悉的领域法律。而转身一想，法律其实是无所不在的，朗阁海外考试研究中心建议考生可以将其转移为环境问题，所以可以去讲限塑令（<span word="The">The</span> <span word="new">new</span> <span word="standard">standard</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="plastic">plastic</span> <span word="bags">bags</span>）的制定和执行；亦可转换成工作问题，讲劳工法（<span word="The">The</span> <span word="Labor">Labor</span> <span word="Law">Law</span>）。 简言之，口语成绩的提高应该是两方面结合，基本的语言能力辅之以巧妙的应对方法。 </p>
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