解读雅思考试阅读中的对应关系
<p> 照应关系</p><p> 照应指用代词等语法手段表示的语义关系。英语中的照应分为3类：人称照应、指示照应和比较照应。其中较难的是分句照应 。分句照应指的是某些词语的所指对象不是词或者短语，而是分句、句子、句子组合，甚至一个完整的语篇。可以用做分句照应的词语分为以下3类。</p><p> <span word="here">here</span>，<span word="it">it</span>，<span word="this">this</span>等词汇既可用于前照应，又可用于后照应。</p><p> <span word="that">that</span>，<span word="above">above</span>，<span word="the">the</span> <span word="foregoing">foregoing</span>等只用于前照应。</p><p> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="follows">follows</span>，<span word="the">the</span> <span word="following">following</span>，<span word="below">below</span>，<span word="thus">thus</span>等仅用于后照应。</p><p> 这一语言现象常常是命题点。</p><p> <span word="Example">Example</span>:</p><p> <span word="It">It</span> <span word="looks">looks</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="if">if</span> <span word="it">it</span> <span word="came">came</span> <span word="straight">straight</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="set">set</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="Star">Star</span> <span word="Wars">Wars</span>. <span word="It">It</span> <span word="has">has</span> <span word="four">four</span>-<span word="wheel">wheel</span> <span word="drive">drive</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="rises">rises</span> <span word="above">above</span> <span word="rocky">rocky</span> <span word="surfaces">surfaces</span>. <span word="It">It</span> <span word="lowers">lowers</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="raises">raises</span> <span word="its">its</span> <span word="nose">nose</span> <span word="when">when</span> <span word="going">going</span> <span word="up">up</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="down">down</span> <span word="hills">hills</span>. <span word="And">And</span> <span word="when">when</span> <span word="it">it</span> <span word="comes">comes</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="river">river</span>, <span word="it">it</span> <span word="turns">turns</span> <span word="amphibious">amphibious</span>: <span word="two">two</span> <span word="hydrojets">hydrojets</span> <span word="power">power</span> <span word="it">it</span> <span word="along">along</span> <span word="by">by</span> <span word="blasting">blasting</span> <span word="water">water</span> <span word="under">under</span> <span word="its">its</span> <span word="body">body</span>. <span word="There">There</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="room">room</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="two">two</span> <span word="passengers">passengers</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="driver">driver</span>, <span word="who">who</span> <span word="sit">sit</span> <span word="inside">inside</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="glass">glass</span> <span word="bubble">bubble</span> <span word="operating">operating</span> <span word="electronic">electronic</span>, <span word="aircraft">aircraft</span>-<span word="type">type</span> <span word="controls">controls</span>. <span word="A">A</span> <span word="vehicle">vehicle</span> <span word="so">so</span> <span word="daring">daring</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="land">land</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="water">water</span> <span word="needs">needs</span> <span word="windscreen">windscreen</span> <span word="wipersbut">wipersbut</span> <span word="it">it</span> <span word="doesnt">doesnt</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="any">any</span>. <span word="Water">Water</span> <span word="molecules">molecules</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="disintegrated">disintegrated</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="screens">screens</span> <span word="surface">surface</span> <span word="by">by</span> <span word="ultrasonic">ultrasonic</span> <span word="sensors">sensors</span>.</p><p> </p>
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