解析雅思阅读被动语态的几种特殊用法
<p> 被动语态是由助动词<span word="be">be</span>+过去分词构成的。这里的<span word="be">be</span>既要表示出与主语的人称和数一致，也要表示出时、体的形式。被动语态有几种特殊用法。</p><p> 主动形式表示被动意义</p><p> 1)常见的这类动词有：<span word="act">act</span>，<span word="add">add</span> <span word="up">up</span>，<span word="clean">clean</span>，<span word="compare">compare</span>，<span word="count">count</span>，<span word="cook">cook</span>，<span word="draw">draw</span>，<span word="fill">fill</span>，<span word="iron">iron</span>，<span word="keep">keep</span>，<span word="let">let</span>，<span word="look">look</span>，<span word="make">make</span> <span word="up">up</span>，<span word="milk">milk</span>，<span word="kill">kill</span>，<span word="open">open</span>，<span word="photograph">photograph</span>，<span word="prove">prove</span>，<span word="read">read</span>，<span word="sell">sell</span>，<span word="smoke">smoke</span>，<span word="spoil">spoil</span>等。</p><p> <span word="The">The</span> <span word="window">window</span> <span word="wont">wont</span> <span word="open">open</span>.</p><p> <span word="The">The</span> <span word="cow">cow</span> <span word="milks">milks</span> <span word="well">well</span>.</p><p> <span word="Damp">Damp</span> <span word="wood">wood</span> <span word="will">will</span> <span word="not">not</span> <span word="fire">fire</span>.</p><p> <span word="She">She</span> <span word="doesnt">doesnt</span> <span word="photograph">photograph</span> <span word="well">well</span>.</p><p> <span word="His">His</span> <span word="judgment">judgment</span> <span word="proved">proved</span> <span word="wrong">wrong</span>.</p><p> <span word="It">It</span> <span word="turned">turned</span> <span word="out">out</span> <span word="fine">fine</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="day">day</span>.</p><p> <span word="How">How</span> <span word="did">did</span> <span word="his">his</span> <span word="coat">coat</span> <span word="catch">catch</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="nail">nail</span>?</p><p> 2)实用动词<span word="need">need</span>/<span word="want">want</span>/<span word="deserve">deserve</span>/<span word="require">require</span> +<span word="V">V</span>-<span word="ing">ing</span>形式表示被动意义。</p><p> <span word="My">My</span> <span word="hair">hair</span> <span word="needs">needs</span> <span word="cutting">cutting</span>。.</p><p> <span word="The">The</span> <span word="bike">bike</span> <span word="wants">wants</span> <span word="repairing">repairing</span>.</p><p> <span word="There">There</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="nothing">nothing</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="worry">worry</span> <span word="about">about</span>.</p><p> ②不定式修饰<span word="want">want</span>, <span word="have">have</span>等动词的宾语，而句中的主语同时又不是不定式的逻辑主语时：</p><p> <span word="I">I</span> <span word="want">want</span> <span word="some">some</span> <span word="clothes">clothes</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="wash">wash</span>.</p><p> <span word="Do">Do</span> <span word="you">you</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="anything">anything</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="say">say</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="yourself">yourself</span>?</p><p> ③不定式修饰<span word="buy">buy</span>，<span word="get">get</span>，<span word="give">give</span>等动词的直接宾语，而句中的间接宾语又是不定式的逻辑主语时：</p><p> <span word="His">His</span> <span word="sister">sister</span> <span word="gave">gave</span> <span word="him">him</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="bike">bike</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="ride">ride</span>.</p>
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