雅思口语素材：Labor Day(美国劳动节)
<p> <span word="Labor">Labor</span> <span word="Day">Day</span></p><p> <span word="First">First</span> <span word="Monday">Monday</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="September">September</span></p><p> <span word="Many">Many</span> <span word="immigrants">immigrants</span> <span word="settled">settled</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="New">New</span> <span word="York">York</span> <span word="City">City</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="nineteenth">nineteenth</span> <span word="century">century</span>. <span word="They">They</span> <span word="found">found</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="living">living</span> <span word="conditions">conditions</span> <span word="were">were</span> <span word="not">not</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="wonderful">wonderful</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="they">they</span> <span word="had">had</span> <span word="dreamed">dreamed</span>. <span word="Often">Often</span> <span word="there">there</span> <span word="were">were</span> <span word="six">six</span> <span word="families">families</span> <span word="crowded">crowded</span> <span word="into">into</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="house">house</span> <span word="made">made</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="one">one</span> <span word="family">family</span>. <span word="Thousands">Thousands</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="children">children</span> <span word="had">had</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="go">go</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="work">work</span>. <span word="Working">Working</span> <span word="conditions">conditions</span> <span word="were">were</span> <span word="even">even</span> <span word="worse">worse</span>. <span word="Immigrant">Immigrant</span> <span word="men">men</span>, <span word="women">women</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="children">children</span> <span word="worked">worked</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="factories">factories</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="ten">ten</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="twelve">twelve</span> <span word="hours">hours</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="day">day</span>, <span word="stopping">stopping</span> <span word="only">only</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="short">short</span> <span word="time">time</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="eat">eat</span>. <span word="They">They</span> <span word="came">came</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="work">work</span> <span word="even">even</span> <span word="if">if</span> <span word="they">they</span> <span word="were">were</span> <span word="tired">tired</span> <span word="or">or</span> <span word="sick">sick</span> <span word="because">because</span> <span word="if">if</span> <span word="they">they</span> <span word="didnt">didnt</span>, <span word="they">they</span> <span word="might">might</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="fired">fired</span>. <span word="Thousands">Thousands</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="people">people</span> <span word="were">were</span> <span word="waiting">waiting</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="take">take</span> <span word="their">their</span> <span word="places">places</span>.</p><p> <span word="When">When</span> <span word="Peter">Peter</span> <span word="McGuire">McGuire</span> <span word="was">was</span> 17, <span word="he">he</span> <span word="began">began</span> <span word="an">an</span> <span word="apprenticeship">apprenticeship</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="piano">piano</span> <span word="shop">shop</span>. <span word="This">This</span> <span word="job">job</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="better">better</span> <span word="than">than</span> <span word="his">his</span> <span word="others">others</span>, <span word="for">for</span> <span word="he">he</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="learning">learning</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="trade">trade</span>, <span word="but">but</span> <span word="he">he</span> <span word="still">still</span> <span word="worked">worked</span> <span word="long">long</span> <span word="hours">hours</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="low">low</span> <span word="pay">pay</span>. <span word="At">At</span> <span word="night">night</span> <span word="he">he</span> <span word="went">went</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="meetings">meetings</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="classes">classes</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="economics">economics</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="social">social</span> <span word="issues">issues</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="day">day</span>. <span word="One">One</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="main">main</span> <span word="issues">issues</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="concern">concern</span> <span word="pertained">pertained</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="labor">labor</span> <span word="conditions">conditions</span>. <span word="Workers">Workers</span> <span word="were">were</span> <span word="tired">tired</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="long">long</span> <span word="hours">hours</span>, <span word="low">low</span> <span word="pay">pay</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="uncertain">uncertain</span> <span word="jobs">jobs</span>. <span word="They">They</span> <span word="spoke">spoke</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="organizing">organizing</span> <span word="themselves">themselves</span> <span word="into">into</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="union">union</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="laborers">laborers</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="improve">improve</span> <span word="their">their</span> <span word="working">working</span> <span word="conditions">conditions</span>. <span word="In">In</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="spring">spring</span> <span word="of">of</span> 1872, <span word="Peter">Peter</span> <span word="McGuire">McGuire</span> <span word="and">and</span> 100,000 <span word="workers">workers</span> <span word="went">went</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="strike">strike</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="marched">marched</span> <span word="through">through</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="streets">streets</span>, <span word="demanding">demanding</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="decrease">decrease</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="long">long</span> <span word="working">working</span> <span word="day">day</span>.</p><p> <span word="This">This</span> <span word="event">event</span> <span word="convinced">convinced</span> <span word="Peter">Peter</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="an">an</span> <span word="organized">organized</span> <span word="labor">labor</span> <span word="movement">movement</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="important">important</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="future">future</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="workers">workers</span> <span word="rights">rights</span>. <span word="He">He</span> <span word="spent">spent</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="next">next</span> <span word="year">year</span> <span word="speaking">speaking</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="crowds">crowds</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="workers">workers</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="unemployed">unemployed</span> <span word="people">people</span>, <span word="lobbying">lobbying</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="city">city</span> <span word="government">government</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="jobs">jobs</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="relief">relief</span> <span word="money">money</span>. <span word="It">It</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="not">not</span> <span word="an">an</span> <span word="easy">easy</span> <span word="road">road</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="Peter">Peter</span> <span word="McGuire">McGuire</span>. <span word="He">He</span> <span word="became">became</span> <span word="known">known</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="disturber">disturber</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="public">public</span> <span word="peace">peace</span>. <span word="The">The</span> <span word="city">city</span> <span word="government">government</span> <span word="ignored">ignored</span> <span word="his">his</span> <span word="demands">demands</span>. <span word="Peter">Peter</span> <span word="himself">himself</span> <span word="could">could</span> <span word="not">not</span> <span word="find">find</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="job">job</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="his">his</span> <span word="trade">trade</span>. <span word="He">He</span> <span word="began">began</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="travel">travel</span> <span word="up">up</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="down">down</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="east">east</span> <span word="coast">coast</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="speak">speak</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="laborers">laborers</span> <span word="about">about</span> <span word="unionizing">unionizing</span>. <span word="In">In</span> 1881, <span word="he">he</span> <span word="moved">moved</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="St">St</span>. <span word="Louis">Louis</span>, <span word="Missouri">Missouri</span>, <span word="and">and</span> <span word="began">began</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="organize">organize</span> <span word="carpenters">carpenters</span> <span word="there">there</span>. <span word="He">He</span> <span word="organized">organized</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="convention">convention</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="carpenters">carpenters</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="Chicago">Chicago</span>, <span word="and">and</span> <span word="it">it</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="there">there</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="national">national</span> <span word="union">union</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="carpenters">carpenters</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="founded">founded</span>. <span word="He">He</span> <span word="became">became</span> <span word="General">General</span> <span word="Secretary">Secretary</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="United">United</span> <span word="Brotherhood">Brotherhood</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="Carpenters">Carpenters</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="Joiners">Joiners</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="America">America</span>.</p>
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