雅思写作：英汉表达的十大区别(下)
<p> 六、英语多变化，汉语多重复</p><p> 熟悉英语的人都知道，英语表达相同的意思时往往变换表达方式。第一次说我认为可以用<span word="I">I</span> <span word="think">think</span>，第二次再用<span word="I">I</span> <span word="think">think</span>显然就很乏味，应该换成<span word="I">I</span> <span word="believe">believe</span>或<span word="I">I</span> <span word="imagine">imagine</span>之类的表达。相比之下，汉语对变换表达方式的要求没有英语那么高，很多英语中的变化表达译成重复表达就行了。请看下面的例子：</p><p> <span word="The">The</span> <span word="monkeys">monkeys</span> <span word="most">most</span> <span word="extraordinary">extraordinary</span> <span word="accomplishment">accomplishment</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="learning">learning</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="operate">operate</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="tractor">tractor</span>. <span word="By">By</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="age">age</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="nine">nine</span>, <span word="the">the</span> <span word="monkey">monkey</span> <span word="had">had</span> <span word="learned">learned</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="solo">solo</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="vehicle">vehicle</span>.</p><p> 译文：这只猴子最了不起的成就是学会驾驶拖拉机。到九岁的时候，这只猴子已经学会了单独表演驾驶拖拉机了。<span word="tractor">tractor</span>和<span word="vehicle">vehicle</span>在句中显然都表示拖拉机，英语表达上有变化，而译成汉语时使用了重复表达法。</p><p> 七、英语多抽象，汉语多具体</p><p> 做翻译实践较多的人都有这样的体会：英文句子难译主要难在结构复杂和表达抽象上。通过分析句子的结构，把长句变短句、从句变分句，结构上的难题往往迎刃而解。表达抽象则要求译者吃透原文的意思、用具体的中文进行表达，这对考生往往具有更大的挑战性。</p><p> 下面我们先看一组例子：</p><p> <span word="disintegration">disintegration</span> 土崩瓦解</p><p> <span word="ardent">ardent</span> <span word="loyalty">loyalty</span> 赤胆忠心</p>
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