as, which 非限定性定语从句
<p> 由<span word="as">as</span>, <span word="which">which</span> 引导的非限定性定语从句，<span word="as">as</span>和<span word="which">which</span>可代整个主句，相当于<span word="and">and</span> <span word="this">this</span>或<span word="and">and</span> <span word="that">that</span>。<span word="As">As</span>一般放在句首，<span word="which">which</span>在句中。</p><p> <span word="As">As</span> <span word="we">we</span> <span word="know">know</span>, <span word="smoking">smoking</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="harmful">harmful</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="one">one</span>’<span word="s">s</span> <span word="health">health</span>.</p><p> <span word="The">The</span> <span word="sun">sun</span> <span word="heats">heats</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="earth">earth</span>, <span word="which">which</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="very">very</span> <span word="important">important</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="us">us</span>. </p><p>典型例题 </p><p> 1）<span word="Alice">Alice</span> <span word="received">received</span> <span word="an">an</span> <span word="invitation">invitation</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="her">her</span> <span word="boss">boss</span>, ___<span word="came">came</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="surprise">surprise</span>.<span word="http">http</span>://<span word="yingyu">yingyu</span>.<span word="chazidian">chazidian</span>.<span word="com">com</span></p><p><span word="A">A</span>. <span word="it">it</span> <span word="B">B</span>. <span word="that">that</span> <span word="C">C</span>. <span word="which">which</span> <span word="D">D</span>. <span word="he">he</span></p><p> 答案<span word="C">C</span>. 此为非限定性从句，不能用 <span word="that">that</span>修饰，而用<span word="which">which</span>.，<span word="it">it</span> 和<span word="he">he</span> 都使后句成为句子，两个独立的句子不能单以逗号连接。况且选<span word="he">he</span>句意不通。</p><p> 2）<span word="The">The</span> <span word="weather">weather</span> <span word="turned">turned</span> <span word="out">out</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="very">very</span> <span word="good">good</span>, ___ <span word="was">was</span> <span word="more">more</span> <span word="than">than</span> <span word="we">we</span> <span word="could">could</span> <span word="expect">expect</span>. </p><p><span word="A">A</span>. <span word="what">what</span> <span word="B">B</span>. <span word="which">which</span> <span word="C">C</span>. <span word="that">that</span> <span word="D">D</span>. <span word="it">it</span></p><p> 答案<span word="B">B</span>。<span word="which">which</span>可代替句子，用于非限定性定语从句，而<span word="what">what</span>不可。<span word="That">That</span> 不能用于非限定性定语从句，<span word="it">it</span>不为连词，使由逗号连接的两个句子并在一起在英语语法上行不通。</p><p> 3）<span word="It">It</span> <span word="rained">rained</span> <span word="hard">hard</span> <span word="yesterday">yesterday</span>, ____ <span word="prevented">prevented</span> <span word="me">me</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="going">going</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="park">park</span>..</p><p><span word="A">A</span>. <span word="that">that</span> <span word="B">B</span>. <span word="which">which</span> <span word="C">C</span>. <span word="as">as</span> <span word="D">D</span>. <span word="it">it</span></p><p> 答案<span word="B">B</span>. </p><p> <span word="as">as</span> 和<span word="which">which</span>在引导非限制性定语从句时，这两个关系代词都指主句所表达的整个意思，且在定语从句中都可以作主语和宾语。但不同之处主要有两点：</p><p> (1） <span word="as">as</span> 引导的定语从句可置于句首，而<span word="which">which</span>不可。</p><p> (2） <span word="as">as</span> 代表前面的整个主句并在从句中作主语时，从句中的谓语必须是系动词；若为行为动词，则从句中的关系代词只能用<span word="which">which</span>.。</p>
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