名词性wh-从句
<p> 1）由<span word="wh">wh</span>-词引导的名词从句叫做名词性<span word="wh">wh</span>-从句。<span word="Wh">Wh</span>-词包括<span word="who">who</span>, <span word="whom">whom</span>,. <span word="whose">whose</span>, <span word="whoever">whoever</span>, <span word="what">what</span>, <span word="whatever">whatever</span>, <span word="which">which</span>, <span word="whichever">whichever</span>等连接代词和<span word="where">where</span>, <span word="when">when</span>, <span word="how">how</span>, <span word="why">why</span>等连接副词。<span word="Wh">Wh</span>-从句的语法功能除了和<span word="that">that</span>-从句一样外，还可充当介词宾语、宾语补语和间接宾语等，例如：</p><p> 主语： <span word="How">How</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="book">book</span> <span word="will">will</span> <span word="sell">sell</span> <span word="depends">depends</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="its">its</span> <span word="author">author</span>. 书销售如何取决于作者本人。</p><p> 直接宾语：<span word="In">In</span> <span word="one">one</span>’<span word="s">s</span> <span word="own">own</span> <span word="home">home</span> <span word="one">one</span> <span word="can">can</span> <span word="do">do</span> <span word="what">what</span> <span word="one">one</span> <span word="likes">likes</span>. 在自己家里可以随心所欲。</p><p> 间接宾语：<span word="The">The</span> <span word="club">club</span> <span word="will">will</span> <span word="give">give</span> <span word="whoever">whoever</span> <span word="wins">wins</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="prize">prize</span>. </p><p>俱乐部将给得胜者设奖。<span word="http">http</span>://<span word="yingyu">yingyu</span>.<span word="chazidian">chazidian</span>.<span word="com">com</span></p><p> 表语： <span word="My">My</span> <span word="question">question</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="who">who</span> <span word="will">will</span> <span word="take">take</span> <span word="over">over</span> <span word="president">president</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="Foundation">Foundation</span>. 我的问题是谁将接任该基金会主席职位。</p><p> 宾语补足语：<span word="She">She</span> <span word="will">will</span> <span word="name">name</span> <span word="him">him</span> <span word="whatever">whatever</span> <span word="she">she</span> <span word="wants">wants</span> <span word="to">to</span>. 她高兴给他起什么名字就取什么名字。</p><p> 同位语： <span word="I">I</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="no">no</span> <span word="idea">idea</span> <span word="when">when</span> <span word="he">he</span> <span word="will">will</span> <span word="return">return</span>. </p><p>我不知道他什么时候回来。</p><p> 形容词宾语：<span word="I">I</span>’<span word="m">m</span> <span word="not">not</span> <span word="sure">sure</span> <span word="why">why</span> <span word="she">she</span> <span word="refused">refused</span> <span word="their">their</span> <span word="invitation">invitation</span>. 我尚不能肯定她为什么拒绝他们的邀请。</p><p> 介词宾语： <span word="That">That</span> <span word="depends">depends</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="where">where</span> <span word="we">we</span> <span word="shall">shall</span> <span word="go">go</span>. </p><p>那取决于我们去哪儿。</p><p>2）<span word="Wh">Wh</span>-从句作主语也常用先行词<span word="it">it</span>做形式主语，而将<span word="wh">wh</span>-从句置于句末，例如：</p><p> <span word="It">It</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="not">not</span> <span word="yet">yet</span> <span word="decided">decided</span> <span word="who">who</span> <span word="will">will</span> <span word="do">do</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="job">job</span>. </p><p> 还没决定谁做这项工作。</p><p> <span word="It">It</span> <span word="remains">remains</span> <span word="unknown">unknown</span> <span word="when">when</span> <span word="they">they</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="going">going</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="get">get</span> <span word="married">married</span>. 他们何时结婚依然不明。</p>
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