比较since和for
<p> <span word="Since">Since</span> 用来说明动作起始时间，<span word="for">for</span>用来说明动作延续时间长度。</p><p> <span word="I">I</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="lived">lived</span> <span word="here">here</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="more">more</span> <span word="than">than</span> <span word="twenty">twenty</span> <span word="years">years</span>.</p><p> <span word="I">I</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="lived">lived</span> <span word="here">here</span> <span word="since">since</span> <span word="I">I</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="born">born</span>..</p><p> <span word="My">My</span> <span word="aunt">aunt</span> <span word="has">has</span> <span word="worked">worked</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="clinic">clinic</span> <span word="since">since</span> 1949. </p><p> <span word="Some">Some</span> <span word="new">new</span> <span word="oilfields">oilfields</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="been">been</span> <span word="opened">opened</span> <span word="up">up</span> <span word="since">since</span> 1976. <span word="http">http</span>://<span word="yingyu">yingyu</span>.<span word="chazidian">chazidian</span>.<span word="com">com</span></p><p> <span word="I">I</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="known">known</span> <span word="Xiao">Xiao</span> <span word="Li">Li</span> <span word="since">since</span> <span word="she">she</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="little">little</span> <span word="girl">girl</span>. </p><p> <span word="My">My</span> <span word="brother">brother</span> <span word="has">has</span> <span word="been">been</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="Youth">Youth</span> <span word="League">League</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="two">two</span> <span word="years">years</span>. </p><p> <span word="I">I</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="not">not</span> <span word="heard">heard</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="my">my</span> <span word="uncle">uncle</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="long">long</span> <span word="time">time</span>.</p><p> 注意：并非有<span word="for">for</span> 作为时间状语的句子都用现在完成时。</p><p> <span word="I">I</span> <span word="worked">worked</span> <span word="here">here</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="more">more</span> <span word="than">than</span> <span word="twenty">twenty</span> <span word="years">years</span>. </p><p> (我现在已不在这里工作。)</p><p> <span word="I">I</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="worked">worked</span> <span word="here">here</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="many">many</span> <span word="years">years</span>. </p><p> (现在我仍在这里工作。)</p><p> 小窍门： 当现在完成时+一段时间，这一结构中，我们用下面的公式转化，很容易就能排除非延续动词在完成时中的误使。</p><p> 1) (对) <span word="Tom">Tom</span> <span word="has">has</span> <span word="studied">studied</span> <span word="Russian">Russian</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="three">three</span> <span word="years">years</span>.</p><p> = <span word="Tom">Tom</span> <span word="began">began</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="study">study</span> <span word="Russian">Russian</span> <span word="three">three</span> <span word="years">years</span> <span word="ago">ago</span>, <span word="and">and</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="still">still</span> <span word="studying">studying</span> <span word="it">it</span> <span word="now">now</span>.</p><p> 2) (错) <span word="Harry">Harry</span> <span word="has">has</span> <span word="got">got</span> <span word="married">married</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="six">six</span> <span word="years">years</span>.</p><p> = <span word="Harry">Harry</span> <span word="began">began</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="get">get</span> <span word="married">married</span> <span word="six">six</span> <span word="years">years</span> <span word="ago">ago</span>, <span word="and">and</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="still">still</span> <span word="getting">getting</span> <span word="married">married</span> <span word="now">now</span>.</p><p> 显然，第二句不对，它应改为 <span word="Harry">Harry</span> <span word="got">got</span> <span word="married">married</span> <span word="six">six</span> <span word="years">years</span> <span word="ago">ago</span>. 或 <span word="Harry">Harry</span> <span word="has">has</span> <span word="been">been</span> <span word="married">married</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="six">six</span> <span word="years">years</span>.</p></p>
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