With的复合结构作独立主格
<p> 表伴随时，既可用分词的独立结构，也可用<span word="with">with</span>的复合结构。 </p><p> <span word="with">with</span> +名词(代词)+现在分词/过去分词/形容词/副词/不定式/介词短语 </p><p>举例: <span word="He">He</span> <span word="stood">stood</span> <span word="there">there</span>, <span word="his">his</span> <span word="hand">hand</span> <span word="raised">raised</span>. </p><p> = <span word="He">He</span> <span word="stood">stood</span> <span word="there">there</span>, <span word="with">with</span> <span word="his">his</span> <span word="hand">hand</span> <span word="raise">raise</span>. </p><p>典型例题 <span word="http">http</span>://<span word="yingyu">yingyu</span>.<span word="chazidian">chazidian</span>.<span word="com">com</span></p><p> <span word="The">The</span> <span word="murder">murder</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="brought">brought</span> <span word="in">in</span>, <span word="with">with</span> <span word="his">his</span> <span word="hands">hands</span> ___ <span word="behind">behind</span> <span word="his">his</span> <span word="back">back</span>。 </p><p><span word="A">A</span>. <span word="being">being</span> <span word="tied">tied</span> <span word="B">B</span>. <span word="having">having</span> <span word="tied">tied</span> <span word="C">C</span>. <span word="to">to</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="tied">tied</span> <span word="D">D</span>. <span word="tied">tied</span> </p><p> 答案<span word="D">D</span>. <span word="with">with</span> +名词（代词）+分词+介词短语结构。当分词表示伴随状况时，其主语常常用<span word="with">with</span>来引导。由于本句中名词"手"与分词"绑"是被动关系，因此用过去分词，选<span word="D">D</span>. </p><p>注意: </p><p>1) 独立主格结构使用介词的问题： </p><p> 当介词是<span word="in">in</span>时，其前后的两个名词均不加任何成分（如物主代词或冠词），也不用复数。但 <span word="with">with</span> 的复合结构不受此限制 </p><p> <span word="A">A</span> <span word="robber">robber</span> <span word="burst">burst</span> <span word="into">into</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="room">room</span>, <span word="knife">knife</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="hand">hand</span>. </p><p> ( <span word="hand">hand</span>前不能加<span word="his">his</span>)。 </p><p>2) 当表人体部位的词做逻辑主语时，及物动词用现在分 词，不及物动词用过去分词。 </p><p> <span word="He">He</span> <span word="lay">lay</span> <span word="there">there</span>, <span word="his">his</span> <span word="teeth">teeth</span> <span word="set">set</span>, <span word="his">his</span> <span word="hand">hand</span> <span word="clenched">clenched</span>, <span word="his">his</span> <span word="eyes">eyes</span> <span word="looking">looking</span> <span word="straight">straight</span> <span word="up">up</span>. </p><p> </p><p>典型例题： </p><p> <span word="Weather">Weather</span>___, <span word="we">we</span>’<span word="ll">ll</span> <span word="go">go</span> <span word="out">out</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="walk">walk</span>. </p><p> <span word="A">A</span> <span word="permitted">permitted</span> <span word="B">B</span> <span word="permitting">permitting</span> <span word="C">C</span> <span word="permits">permits</span> <span word="D">D</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="permitting">permitting</span> </p><p> 答案<span word="B">B</span>. 本题中没有连词，它不是复合句，也不是并列句。 句中使用了逗号，且<span word="we">we</span> 小写，可知其不是两个简单句。能够这样使用的只有独立主格或<span word="with">with</span>的复合结构。据此判断，本句中使用的是独立结构， 其结构为：名词+分词。 由于<span word="permit">permit</span>在这里翻译为’天气允许’，表主动，应用现在分词，故选<span word="B">B</span>。 </p>
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