动词
<p>1) 表示动作中状态的词叫做动词。 </p><p>2) 根据其在句中的功能,动词可分为四类,分别是:实义动词(<span word="Notional">Notional</span> <span word="Verb">Verb</span>)、系动词(<span word="Link">Link</span> <span word="Verb">Verb</span>)、助动词(<span word="Auxiliary">Auxiliary</span> <span word="Verb">Verb</span>)、情态动词(<span word="Modal">Modal</span> <span word="Verb">Verb</span>)。 </p><p>说明:有些情况下,有些动词是兼类词,例如: </p><p> <span word="We">We</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="having">having</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="meeting">meeting</span>. 我们正在开会。 (<span word="having">having</span>是实义动词。) </p><p> <span word="He">He</span> <span word="has">has</span> <span word="gone">gone</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="New">New</span> <span word="York">York</span>. 他已去纽约。 <span word="http">http</span>://<span word="yingyu">yingyu</span>.<span word="chazidian">chazidian</span>.<span word="com">com</span></p><p>(<span word="has">has</span>是助动词。) </p><p>3) 动词根据其后是否带有宾语,可分为两类,分别是:及物动词(<span word="Transitive">Transitive</span> <span word="Verb">Verb</span>)、不及物动词(<span word="Intransitive">Intransitive</span> <span word="Verb">Verb</span>),缩写形式分别为<span word="vt">vt</span>. 和<span word="vi">vi</span>.。 </p><p>说明:同一动词有时可用作及物动词,有时可用作不及物动词。例如: </p><p> <span word="She">She</span> <span word="can">can</span> <span word="dance">dance</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="sing">sing</span>. </p><p> 她能唱歌又能跳舞。(<span word="sing">sing</span>在此用作不及物动词。) </p><p> <span word="She">She</span> <span word="can">can</span> <span word="sing">sing</span> <span word="many">many</span> <span word="English">English</span> <span word="songs">songs</span>. </p><p> 她能唱好多首英文歌曲。(<span word="sing">sing</span>用作及物动词。) </p><p>4) 根据是否受主语的人称和数的限制,可分两类,分别是:限定动词(<span word="Finite">Finite</span> <span word="Verb">Verb</span>)、非限定动词(<span word="Non">Non</span>-<span word="finite">finite</span> <span word="Verb">Verb</span>)例如: </p><p> <span word="She">She</span> <span word="sings">sings</span> <span word="very">very</span> <span word="well">well</span>. </p><p> 她唱得很好。(<span word="sing">sing</span>受主语<span word="she">she</span>的限制,故用第三人称单数形式<span word="sings">sings</span>。) </p><p> <span word="She">She</span> <span word="wants">wants</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="learn">learn</span> <span word="English">English</span> <span word="well">well</span>. </p><p> 她想学好英语。(<span word="to">to</span> <span word="learn">learn</span>不受主语<span word="she">she</span>的限制,没有词形变化,是非限定动词。 </p>
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