中考英语总复习资料
<p>词类知识</p><p>一、中考要求：</p><p>词汇是英语的基础，而弄清每一个词的词类是用词、造句、阅读和写作的基础。词类在中考的考查一般通过在名词、动词、形容词等各种词性的考查中表现出来。如判断各类词在句子中可以作的成分来决定使用哪个词形，词与词之间的搭配关系等。</p><p>二、知识要点：</p><p>根据语法功能，词可分为十类：名词、代词、动词、形容词、副词、数词、冠词、介词、连词和感叹词。</p><p>1.名词（<span word="n">n</span>.）：</p><p>名词用来表示人、事物或抽象概念，如：<span word="boy">boy</span> 男孩，<span word="morning">morning</span> 早晨，<span word="duty">duty</span> 责任；在句子中主要作主语、表语、宾语、补足语、同位语、定语等。例如：</p><p><span word="The">The</span> <span word="tomatoeson">tomatoeson</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="table">table</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="very">very</span> <span word="fresh">fresh</span>. 桌子上的西红柿很新鲜。（作主语）</p><p><span word="He">He</span> <span word="isa">isa</span> <span word="doctor">doctor</span>. 他是个医生。（作表语）</p><p><span word="We">We</span>&<span word="rsquo">rsquo</span>;<span word="ll">ll</span> <span word="call">call</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="babyMary">babyMary</span>. 我们要给这个婴儿取名玛丽。（作宾语补足语）</p><p>2.代词（<span word="pro">pro</span>.）：</p><p>代词用来代替名词或数词，如：<span word="we">we</span> 我们，<span word="their">their</span> 他们的， <span word="that">that</span> 那个， <span word="several">several</span> 几个；在句中主要作主语、宾语、表语、同位语等。例如：</p><p><span word="Iknowhersister">Iknowhersister</span>.<span word="Sheis">Sheis</span> <span word="always">always</span> <span word="ready">ready</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="helpothers">helpothers</span>. 我认识她妹妹，她乐于助人。</p><p>（<span word="I">I</span>和<span word="she">she</span>作主语；<span word="her">her</span>作定语；<span word="others">others</span>作宾语）</p><p><span word="The">The</span> <span word="English">English</span> <span word="teacher">teacher</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="nothimselftoday">nothimselftoday</span>. 英语老师今天不舒服。（作表语）</p>
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