英语中各式各样的“假”
<p>原文：<span word="For">For</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="second">second</span> <span word="group">group</span> <span word="they">they</span> <span word="used">used</span> <span word="dummy">dummy</span> <span word="drug">drug</span>。</p><p>原译：他们对第二组用了假药。</p><p>辨析：假药是会害死人的，奸商才会卖假药.。这个&<span word="ldquo">ldquo</span>;假字的英文是<span word="fake">fake</span>。凡是用以欺骗人的&<span word="ldquo">ldquo</span>;假货都是<span word="fake">fake</span>(<span word="d">d</span>) <span word="products">products</span>/<span word="goods">goods</span>，&<span word="ldquo">ldquo</span>;假药应该是<span word="fake">fake</span> <span word="medicine">medicine</span>。&<span word="ldquo">ldquo</span>;打假通常译为<span word="anti">anti</span>-<span word="fake">fake</span> <span word="commodity">commodity</span> <span word="campaign">campaign</span>。《狂人日记》中的&<span word="ldquo">ldquo</span>;假洋鬼子译为<span word="fake">fake</span> <span word="foreigner">foreigner</span>，因为那是个骗人的家伙。<span word="Dummy">Dummy</span>一词虽然也指假的，但是却没有欺骗乃至坑人之意，例如<span word="dummy">dummy</span> <span word="bullet">bullet</span>是练习用的没有装火药的虚弹，<span word="dummy">dummy</span> <span word="pocket">pocket</span>是衣服上装饰性的假兜。原文中的<span word="dummy">dummy</span> <span word="drug">drug</span>则是&<span word="ldquo">ldquo</span>;安慰剂，是医生实验用的，没有贬义。因此原文应译为：他们对第二组用了安慰剂。</p><p>此外，<span word="Dummy">Dummy</span>本身也是名词，服装店木制或塑料制的模特就是<span word="shop">shop</span>-<span word="window">window</span> <span word="dummy">dummy</span>，哄小孩的橡皮奶头叫<span word="dummy">dummy</span>。<span word="Dummy">Dummy</span>还可转指&<span word="ldquo">ldquo</span>;傀儡。</p><p>英语中还有几个词表示&<span word="ldquo">ldquo</span>;假的概念，&<span word="ldquo">ldquo</span>;假币也可叫<span word="fake">fake</span>，但一般说<span word="counterfeit">counterfeit</span>，<span word="Counterfeit">Counterfeit</span>强调&<span word="ldquo">ldquo</span>;假冒，如假冒商标就是<span word="counterfeit">counterfeit</span> <span word="trademark">trademark</span>；<span word="false">false</span>是相对于<span word="true">true</span>的&<span word="ldquo">ldquo</span>;假，指&<span word="ldquo">ldquo</span>;不真实的。&<span word="ldquo">ldquo</span>;假发是<span word="false">false</span> <span word="hair">hair</span>，&<span word="ldquo">ldquo</span>;假牙是 <span word="false">false</span> <span word="teeth">teeth</span>，<span word="false">false</span> <span word="image">image</span>是&<span word="ldquo">ldquo</span>;假象，<span word="a">a</span> <span word="false">false</span> <span word="alarm">alarm</span>是&<span word="ldquo">ldquo</span>;虚惊一场，<span word="play">play</span> <span word="false">false</span>则是&<span word="ldquo">ldquo</span>;弄虚作假，而&<span word="ldquo">ldquo</span>;作伪证是<span word="give">give</span> <span word="false">false</span> <span word="witness">witness</span>。</p><p>&<span word="ldquo">ldquo</span>;做假动作要用<span word="feign">feign</span> (注意：<span word="false">false</span> <span word="move">move</span>是会带来不良后果的&<span word="ldquo">ldquo</span>;不明智行为)，&<span word="ldquo">ldquo</span>;佯攻是<span word="feign">feign</span> <span word="attack">attack</span>，&<span word="ldquo">ldquo</span>;假谦虚是<span word="feign">feign</span> <span word="modesty">modesty</span>；伪造的假文件等用<span word="forged">forged</span>一词，如&<span word="ldquo">ldquo</span>;假支票就是<span word="forged">forged</span> <span word="check">check</span>；强调不是自然真实而是人工造的一般用<span word="artificial">artificial</span>一词，如塑料或绢做&<span word="ldquo">ldquo</span>;假花是<span word="artificial">artificial</span> <span word="flowers">flowers</span>，&<span word="ldquo">ldquo</span>;假肢是<span word="artificial">artificial</span> <span word="limb">limb</span>；表示虚构的&<span word="ldquo">ldquo</span>;假用<span word="fictitious">fictitious</span>较多，如物理学和气象学里的&<span word="ldquo">ldquo</span>;假峰是<span word="fictitious">fictitious</span> <span word="peak">peak</span>；一看就知道是假的，则说<span word="sham">sham</span>，如<span word="sham">sham</span> <span word="battle">battle</span> 是&<span word="ldquo">ldquo</span>;战斗演习。</p>
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