[口语]什么是“金砖国家”？
<p>金砖国家领导人第三次会晤昨日在海南三亚举行，会晤由中国国家主席胡锦涛主持。巴西、俄罗斯、印度、南非领导人应邀与会。南非领导人作为新成员首次参加会晤。本次会晤主题是&<span word="ldquo">ldquo</span>;展望未来、共享繁荣。</p><p>请看相关报道：</p><p><span word="TheBRICS">TheBRICS</span> <span word="countries">countries</span>- <span word="originally">originally</span> <span word="Brazil">Brazil</span>, <span word="Russia">Russia</span>, <span word="India">India</span>, <span word="and">and</span> <span word="China">China</span>, <span word="and">and</span> <span word="now">now</span> <span word="South">South</span> <span word="Africa">Africa</span> - <span word="have">have</span> <span word="turned">turned</span> <span word="out">out</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="source">source</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="global">global</span> <span word="economic">economic</span> <span word="development">development</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="essential">essential</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="future">future</span> <span word="generations">generations</span>.</p><p>金砖国家（巴西、俄罗斯、印度、中国、以及新加入的南非）已成为全球经济发展的动力，对未来的发展至关重要。</p><p>文中的<span word="BRICS">BRICS</span> <span word="countries">countries</span>就是指&<span word="ldquo">ldquo</span>;金砖国家，&<span word="ldquo">ldquo</span>;金砖四国（<span word="BRIC">BRIC</span>）这一概念由美国高盛公司首席经济师吉姆&<span word="bull">bull</span>;奥尼尔于2001年首次提出。<span word="BRIC">BRIC</span>引用了巴西（<span word="Brizal">Brizal</span>）、俄罗斯（<span word="Russia">Russia</span>）、印度（<span word="India">India</span>）和中国（<span word="China">China</span>）的英文首字母。由于该词与英语单词的砖（<span word="Brick">Brick</span>）类似，因此被称为&<span word="ldquo">ldquo</span>;金砖四国。南非（<span word="South">South</span> <span word="Africa">Africa</span>）加入后，该词变为&<span word="ldquo">ldquo</span>;<span word="BRICS">BRICS</span>，并改称为&<span word="ldquo">ldquo</span>;金砖国家。</p><p>目前，全球经济中心正在从传统的<span word="industrialized">industrialized</span> <span word="economies">economies</span>（工业国家）向以&<span word="ldquo">ldquo</span>;金砖国家为代表的<span word="emerging">emerging</span> <span word="economies">economies</span>（新兴经济体）转移。<span word="Emerging">Emerging</span>用来形容&<span word="ldquo">ldquo</span>;新兴的、新出现的，比如<span word="emerging">emerging</span> <span word="market">market</span>（新兴市场）、<span word="emerging">emerging</span> <span word="technology">technology</span>（新兴技术）、<span word="emerging">emerging</span> <span word="industries">industries</span>（新兴产业）。另外，<span word="burgeoning">burgeoning</span>也常用来形容&<span word="ldquo">ldquo</span>;萌芽的、新兴的，而<span word="start">start</span>-<span word="up">up</span>则指新企业或工程&<span word="ldquo">ldquo</span>;开办阶段的，启动时期的，如<span word="start">start</span>-<span word="up">up</span> <span word="capital">capital</span>（启动资金）。</p>
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