H7N9 全球首次发现的新亚型流感病毒
<p> <span word="H">H</span>7<span word="N">N</span>9 <span word="avian">avian</span> <span word="influenza">influenza</span>(禽流感)是全球首次发现的新亚型流感病毒。流感病毒(<span word="influenzavirus">influenzavirus</span>)可分为甲(<span word="A">A</span>)、乙(<span word="B">B</span>)、丙(<span word="C">C</span>)三型。其中，甲型流感依据流感病毒特征可分为<span word="HxNx">HxNx</span>共135种亚型，<span word="H">H</span>7<span word="N">N</span>9亚型禽流感病毒是其中的一种，既往仅在禽间发现，从未发现过人的感染情况。</p><p> 感染该病毒的初期症状(<span word="initial">initial</span> <span word="symptoms">symptoms</span>)为发热(<span word="fever">fever</span>),咳嗽(<span word="cough">cough</span>)及呼吸困难(<span word="breathing">breathing</span> <span word="difficulty">difficulty</span>)。专家认为，根据目前对密切接触者(<span word="anyone">anyone</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="close">close</span> <span word="contact">contact</span>)的医学观察结果，未提示该病毒具有较强的人传人能力(<span word="human">human</span>-<span word="to">to</span>-<span word="human">human</span> <span word="transmission">transmission</span>)。此外，目前国内外尚无针对<span word="H">H</span>7<span word="N">N</span>9禽流感病毒的疫苗(<span word="there">there</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="no">no</span> <span word="vaccines">vaccines</span> <span word="against">against</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="virus">virus</span>)。</p><p> 此前曾经蔓延全球的动物流感有2009年的甲型<span word="H">H</span>1<span word="N">N</span>1流感，也被称为 &<span word="ldquo">ldquo</span>;猪流感(<span word="swine">swine</span> <span word="flu">flu</span>)，以及2011年的<span word="H">H</span>5<span word="N">N</span>1禽流感(<span word="bird">bird</span> <span word="flu">flu</span>)。</p><p> 上海、安徽相继发现3人感染<span word="H">H</span>7<span word="N">N</span>9禽流感，其中2人死亡，1人病情危重。国家卫生和计划生育委员会昨日通报，此次人感染的<span word="H">H</span>7<span word="N">N</span>9禽流感病毒，是全球首次发现的新亚型流感病毒，既往仅在禽间发现;因此，尚未纳入我国法定报告传染病监测报告系统。</p><p> <span word="On">On</span> <span word="Saturday">Saturday</span>, <span word="the">the</span> <span word="three">three</span> <span word="cases">cases</span> <span word="were">were</span> <span word="confirmed">confirmed</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="humaninfections">humaninfections</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="H">H</span>7<span word="N">N</span>9 <span word="avian">avian</span> <span word="influenza">influenza</span>, <span word="based">based</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="clinical">clinical</span> <span word="observation">observation</span>, <span word="laboratory">laboratory</span> <span word="tests">tests</span> <span word="andepidemiological">andepidemiological</span> <span word="surveys">surveys</span>.</p>
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