英语单词中名词的考察
<p> 在英语单词中名词的考察除了近义词还有对反义词比纳西，一次多议用法，名词与介词搭配，动词、名词或形容词与介词的搭配;动词与副词的搭配等。这些搭配复杂多样，而这些也常常是产生词汇和语法错误的主要原因。</p><p> 1. 近义词</p><p> 这类题的的四个选项为意义相近的四个名词，要求考生从中选出符合题意的词。</p><p> 例：1997年6月四级第40题</p><p> <span word="The">The</span> <span word="newspaper">newspaper</span> <span word="didn">didn</span>'<span word="t">t</span> <span word="mention">mention</span> <span word="the">the</span> ________ <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="damage">damage</span> <span word="caused">caused</span> <span word="by">by</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="fire">fire</span>.</p><p> <span word="A">A</span>) <span word="range">range</span> <span word="B">B</span>) <span word="level">level</span> <span word="C">C</span>) <span word="extent">extent</span> <span word="D">D</span>) <span word="quantity">quantity</span></p><p> 从4个选项看，空格中应该填入一个表示&<span word="ldquo">ldquo</span>;程度的词，所以答案是<span word="C">C</span>) <span word="extent">extent</span>。<span word="the">the</span> <span word="extent">extent</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="damage">damage</span>的意思是&<span word="ldquo">ldquo</span>;损失的程度。选项<span word="A">A</span>) <span word="range">range</span>的意思是&<span word="ldquo">ldquo</span>;范围、幅度，指&<span word="ldquo">ldquo</span>;可以达到或探测到的最大范围(<span word="the">the</span> <span word="maximum">maximum</span> <span word="area">area</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="which">which</span> <span word="it">it</span> <span word="can">can</span> <span word="reach">reach</span> <span word="things">things</span> <span word="or">or</span> <span word="detect">detect</span> <span word="things">things</span>)，所以<span word="range">range</span>用在这里不合适。选项<span word="B">B</span>) <span word="level">level</span>表示&<span word="ldquo">ldquo</span>;水准、程度，指一个量表或序列中的位置(<span word="a">a</span> <span word="position">position</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="scale">scale</span> <span word="or">or</span> <span word="rank">rank</span>)，所以<span word="level">level</span>用在本句中也不妥。选项<span word="D">D</span>) <span word="quantity">quantity</span>的意思是&<span word="ldquo">ldquo</span>;数量，但<span word="damage">damage</span>是不可数名词，没有数量之分。因此这三项都是错误的。</p><p> 例：1999年6月四级第63题</p><p> <span word="My">My</span> <span word="father">father</span> <span word="seemed">seemed</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="no">no</span> _____ <span word="to">to</span> <span word="look">look</span> <span word="at">at</span> <span word="my">my</span> <span word="school">school</span> <span word="report">report</span>.</p>
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