浅谈高考英语试题对“强调”的考查
<p>人们在交际过程中，为了使自己的思想能为听者或读者恰当地理解，经常需要强调重要内容，这时就要用某种手段来突出某个词、词组或句子等，这就是强调。强调是一种修辞手段，是有效地进行思想交流的重要手段之一。对强调现象的考查已成为近年来英语高考试题中的常考点。英语中常用的强调方法有如下几种。</p><p>一、强调句型表示强调</p><p>强调句的构成有两种形式。一种是<span word="it">it</span>作引导词，将需要强调的部分提到前面；一种是名词性从句<span word="what">what</span>…<span word="is">is</span>(<span word="was">was</span>) …来表示。</p><p>（一）<span word="it">it</span>作引导词引导的强调句</p><p>以<span word="it">it</span>作引导词引导的强调句的形式一种为：“<span word="It">It</span> <span word="is">is</span> (<span word="was">was</span>)+被强调部分+<span word="that">that</span>(<span word="who">who</span>)+句子的其它成分意思为“是……，正是……，就是……；一种为：“<span word="It">It</span> <span word="is">is</span>(<span word="was">was</span>) <span word="not">not</span> <span word="until">until</span>+被强调的成分+<span word="that">that</span>+句子的其它成分，意思是“直到……，一直到…。如果叙述的是现在或将来发生的事情，动词用<span word="is">is</span>；如叙述的是过去发生的事情，动词用<span word="was">was</span>。在被强调部分的后面一般用<span word="that">that</span>引出句子的其它成分。但是，如果强调的部分是表示人的名词也可用<span word="who">who</span>。例如：</p><p>(1) <span word="It">It</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="not">not</span> <span word="who">who</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="right">right</span> <span word="but">but</span> <span word="what">what</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="rightis">rightis</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="importance">importance</span>. (2007重庆)</p><p><span word="A">A</span>. <span word="which">which</span> <span word="B">B</span>. <span word="it">it</span> <span word="C">C</span>. <span word="that">that</span> <span word="D">D</span>. <span word="this">this</span></p><p>(2) <span word="It">It</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="New">New</span> <span word="ZealangElizabethfirst">ZealangElizabethfirst</span> <span word="met">met</span> <span word="Smith">Smith</span>. （2008全国Ⅱ）</p>
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