源自欧洲寓言名著的英文典故
<p>1.<span word="a">a</span> <span word="dog">dog</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="manger">manger</span>占着茅坑不拉屎的人</p><p>出自《伊索寓言》(<span word="Aesop">Aesop</span>"<span word="s">s</span> <span word="Fables">Fables</span>)，有一篇狗站马槽的故事，说的是一头狗躺在堆满稻草的马槽里，狗是不吃草的动物，而当马或牛一走进稻草时，这头狗却朝着马，牛狂哮，不准食草动物享用。</p><p>因此，“狗站马槽”就成了一个家喻户晓的成语而进入英语中，常用来比喻<span word="a">a</span> <span word="person">person</span> <span word="who">who</span> <span word="prevents">prevents</span> <span word="others">others</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="enjoying">enjoying</span> <span word="sth">sth</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="useless">useless</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="himself">himself</span>; <span word="a">a</span> <span word="churlish">churlish</span> <span word="fellow">fellow</span> <span word="who">who</span> <span word="will">will</span> <span word="neither">neither</span> <span word="use">use</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="thing">thing</span> <span word="himself">himself</span> <span word="nor">nor</span> <span word="let">let</span> <span word="others">others</span> <span word="use">use</span> <span word="it">it</span>，讽刺那些占据说职位或某些物质却不做事的人。</p><p><span word="a">a</span> <span word="dog">dog</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="manger">manger</span>是个名词性短语，常与系动词连用，充当表语（主语补足语）</p><p><span word="eg">eg</span>:<span word="He">He</span> <span word="borrowed">borrowed</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="lot">lot</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="books">books</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="library">library</span>,<span word="but">but</span> <span word="he">he</span> <span word="didn">didn</span>"<span word="t">t</span> <span word="read">read</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="book">book</span>.<span word="He">He</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="really">really</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="dog">dog</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="manger">manger</span>.</p><p><span word="There">There</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="some">some</span> <span word="officials">officials</span> <span word="who">who</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="only">only</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="dogs">dogs</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="manger">manger</span>.</p><p><span word="Smith">Smith</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="dog">dog</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="manger">manger</span> <span word="over">over</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="roll">roll</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="wire">wire</span>;<span word="it">it</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="no">no</span> <span word="use">use</span> <span word="whatever">whatever</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="him">him</span>,<span word="but">but</span> <span word="he">he</span> <span word="wouldn">wouldn</span>"<span word="t">t</span> <span word="let">let</span> <span word="us">us</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="it">it</span>.</p><p>2.<span word="bell">bell</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="cat">cat</span>自告奋勇去冒险；老虎头上拍苍蝇</p><p><span word="bell">bell</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="cat">cat</span>系成语<span word="to">to</span> <span word="hang">hang</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="bell">bell</span> <span word="about">about</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="cat">cat</span>"<span word="s">s</span> <span word="neck">neck</span>的简略，愿意是“给猫的脖子上挂铃”。它来自《伊索寓言》(<span word="Aesop">Aesop</span>"<span word="s">s</span> <span word="Fables">Fables</span>)中的《老鼠会议》(<span word="The">The</span> <span word="Mice">Mice</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="Council">Council</span>)</p><p>这篇寓言讲的是：一群老鼠在鼠洞里举行会议，讨论如何对付凶狠的猫。白胡须老鼠提出：“我有个方法，在猫的脖子上挂一个铃。这样，猫一走动铃就响，我们就可以闻铃声而逃避了”，群鼠一致同意这个建议，欢呼：“<span word="That">That</span>"<span word="s">s</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="capital">capital</span> <span word="idea">idea</span>.<span word="We">We</span> <span word="will">will</span> <span word="bell">bell</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="cat">cat</span>!<span word="No">No</span> <span word="more">more</span> <span word="fear">fear</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="cat">cat</span>!”但是，谁去给猫挂铃铛呢？没有一只老鼠敢去，一个个都溜掉了。老鼠会议豪无结果，它们不安全的境况当然也无法改善。</p>
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