培根美文赏析-Of Goodness and GOODNESS OF NATURE 论善
<p><span word="I">I</span> <span word="TAKE">TAKE</span> <span word="goodness">goodness</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="this">this</span> <span word="sense">sense</span>, <span word="the">the</span> <span word="affecting">affecting</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="weal">weal</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="men">men</span>, <span word="which">which</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="Grecians">Grecians</span> <span word="call">call</span> <span word="philanthropia">philanthropia</span>; <span word="and">and</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="word">word</span> <span word="humanity">humanity</span> (<span word="as">as</span> <span word="it">it</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="used">used</span>) <span word="is">is</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="little">little</span> <span word="too">too</span> <span word="light">light</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="express">express</span> <span word="it">it</span>. <span word="Goodness">Goodness</span> <span word="I">I</span> <span word="call">call</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="habit">habit</span>, <span word="and">and</span> <span word="goodness">goodness</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="nature">nature</span>, <span word="the">the</span> <span word="inclination">inclination</span>. <span word="This">This</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="all">all</span> <span word="virtues">virtues</span>, <span word="and">and</span> <span word="dignities">dignities</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="mind">mind</span>, <span word="is">is</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="greatest">greatest</span>; <span word="being">being</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="character">character</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="Deity">Deity</span>: <span word="and">and</span> <span word="without">without</span> <span word="it">it</span>, <span word="man">man</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="busy">busy</span>, <span word="mischievous">mischievous</span>, <span word="wretched">wretched</span> <span word="thing">thing</span>; <span word="no">no</span> <span word="better">better</span> <span word="than">than</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="kind">kind</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="vermin">vermin</span>. <span word="Goodness">Goodness</span> <span word="answers">answers</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="theological">theological</span> <span word="virtue">virtue</span>, <span word="charity">charity</span>, <span word="and">and</span> <span word="admits">admits</span> <span word="no">no</span> <span word="excess">excess</span>, <span word="but">but</span> <span word="error">error</span>. <span word="The">The</span> <span word="desire">desire</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="power">power</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="excess">excess</span>, <span word="caused">caused</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="angels">angels</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="fall">fall</span>; <span word="the">the</span> <span word="desire">desire</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="knowledge">knowledge</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="excess">excess</span>, <span word="caused">caused</span> <span word="man">man</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="fall">fall</span>: <span word="but">but</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="charity">charity</span> <span word="there">there</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="no">no</span> <span word="excess">excess</span>; <span word="neither">neither</span> <span word="can">can</span> <span word="angel">angel</span>, <span word="nor">nor</span> <span word="man">man</span>, <span word="come">come</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="dan">dan</span> <span word="ger">ger</span> <span word="by">by</span> <span word="it">it</span>. <span word="The">The</span> <span word="inclination">inclination</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="goodness">goodness</span>, <span word="is">is</span> <span word="imprinted">imprinted</span> <span word="deeply">deeply</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="nature">nature</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="man">man</span>; <span word="insomuch">insomuch</span>, <span word="that">that</span> <span word="if">if</span> <span word="it">it</span> <span word="issue">issue</span> <span word="not">not</span> <span word="towards">towards</span> <span word="men">men</span>, <span word="it">it</span> <span word="willtake">willtake</span> <span word="unto">unto</span> <span word="other">other</span> <span word="living">living</span> <span word="creatures">creatures</span>; <span word="as">as</span> <span word="it">it</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="seen">seen</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="Turks">Turks</span>, <span word="a">a</span> <span word="cruel">cruel</span> <span word="people">people</span>, <span word="who">who</span> <span word="nevertheless">nevertheless</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="kind">kind</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="beasts">beasts</span>, <span word="and">and</span> <span word="give">give</span> <span word="alms">alms</span>, <span word="to">to</span> <span word="dogs">dogs</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="birds">birds</span>; <span word="insomuch">insomuch</span>, <span word="as">as</span> <span word="Busbechius">Busbechius</span> <span word="reporteth">reporteth</span>, <span word="a">a</span> <span word="Christian">Christian</span> <span word="boy">boy</span>, <span word="in">in</span> <span word="Constantinople">Constantinople</span>, <span word="had">had</span> <span word="like">like</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="been">been</span> <span word="stoned">stoned</span>, <span word="for">for</span> <span word="gagging">gagging</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="waggishness">waggishness</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="long">long</span>-<span word="billed">billed</span> <span word="fowl">fowl</span>.<span word="Errors">Errors</span> <span word="indeed">indeed</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="this">this</span> <span word="virtue">virtue</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="goodness">goodness</span>, <span word="or">or</span> <span word="charity">charity</span>, <span word="may">may</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="committed">committed</span>. <span word="The">The</span> <span word="Italians">Italians</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="an">an</span> <span word="ungracious">ungracious</span> <span word="proverb">proverb</span>, <span word="Tanto">Tanto</span> <span word="buon">buon</span> <span word="che">che</span> <span word="val">val</span> <span word="niente">niente</span>: <span word="so">so</span> <span word="good">good</span>, <span word="that">that</span> <span word="he">he</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="good">good</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="nothing">nothing</span>. <span word="And">And</span> <span word="one">one</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="he">he</span> <span word="doctors">doctors</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="Italy">Italy</span>, <span word="Nicholas">Nicholas</span> <span word="Machiavel">Machiavel</span>, <span word="had">had</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="confidence">confidence</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="put">put</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="writing">writing</span>, <span word="almost">almost</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="plain">plain</span> <span word="terms">terms</span>, <span word="That">That</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="Christian">Christian</span> <span word="faith">faith</span>, <span word="had">had</span> <span word="given">given</span> <span word="up">up</span> <span word="good">good</span> <span word="men">men</span>, <span word="in">in</span> <span word="prey">prey</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="those">those</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="tyrannical">tyrannical</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="unjust">unjust</span>. <span word="Which">Which</span> <span word="he">he</span> <span word="spake">spake</span>, <span word="because">because</span> <span word="indeed">indeed</span> <span word="there">there</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="never">never</span> <span word="law">law</span>, <span word="or">or</span> <span word="sect">sect</span>, <span word="or">or</span> <span word="opinion">opinion</span>, <span word="did">did</span> <span word="so">so</span> <span word="much">much</span> <span word="magnify">magnify</span> <span word="goodness">goodness</span>, <span word="as">as</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="Christian">Christian</span> <span word="religion">religion</span> <span word="doth">doth</span>. <span word="Therefore">Therefore</span>, <span word="to">to</span> <span word="avoid">avoid</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="scandal">scandal</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="danger">danger</span> <span word="both">both</span>, <span word="it">it</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="good">good</span>, <span word="to">to</span> <span word="take">take</span> <span word="knowledge">knowledge</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="errors">errors</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="an">an</span> <span word="habit">habit</span> <span word="so">so</span> <span word="excellent">excellent</span>. <span word="Seek">Seek</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="good">good</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="other">other</span> <span word="men">men</span>, <span word="but">but</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="not">not</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="bondage">bondage</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="their">their</span> <span word="faces">faces</span> <span word="or">or</span> <span word="fancies">fancies</span>; <span word="for">for</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="but">but</span> <span word="facility">facility</span>, <span word="or">or</span> <span word="softness">softness</span>; <span word="which">which</span> <span word="taketh">taketh</span> <span word="an">an</span> <span word="honest">honest</span> <span word="mind">mind</span> <span word="prisoner">prisoner</span>. <span word="Neither">Neither</span> <span word="give">give</span> <span word="thou">thou</span> <span word="AEsop">AEsop</span>'<span word="s">s</span> <span word="cock">cock</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="gem">gem</span>, <span word="who">who</span> <span word="would">would</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="better">better</span> <span word="pleased">pleased</span>, <span word="and">and</span> <span word="happier">happier</span>, <span word="if">if</span> <span word="he">he</span> <span word="had">had</span> <span word="had">had</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="barley">barley</span>-<span word="corn">corn</span>. <span word="The">The</span> <span word="example">example</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="God">God</span>, <span word="teacheth">teacheth</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="lesson">lesson</span> <span word="truly">truly</span>: <span word="He">He</span> <span word="sendeth">sendeth</span> <span word="his">his</span> <span word="rain">rain</span>, <span word="and">and</span> <span word="maketh">maketh</span> <span word="his">his</span> <span word="sun">sun</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="shine">shine</span>, <span word="upon">upon</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="just">just</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="unjust">unjust</span>; <span word="but">but</span> <span word="he">he</span> <span word="doth">doth</span> <span word="not">not</span> <span word="rain">rain</span> <span word="wealth">wealth</span>, <span word="nor">nor</span> <span word="shine">shine</span> <span word="honor">honor</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="virtues">virtues</span>, <span word="upon">upon</span> <span word="men">men</span> <span word="equally">equally</span>. <span word="Common">Common</span> <span word="benefits">benefits</span>, <span word="are">are</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="communicate">communicate</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="all">all</span>; <span word="but">but</span> <span word="peculiar">peculiar</span> <span word="benefits">benefits</span>, <span word="with">with</span> <span word="choice">choice</span>. <span word="And">And</span> <span word="beware">beware</span> <span word="how">how</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="making">making</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="portraiture">portraiture</span>, <span word="thou">thou</span> <span word="breakest">breakest</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="pattern">pattern</span>. <span word="For">For</span> <span word="divinity">divinity</span>, <span word="maketh">maketh</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="love">love</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="ourselves">ourselves</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="pattern">pattern</span>; <span word="the">the</span> <span word="love">love</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="our">our</span> <span word="neighbors">neighbors</span>, <span word="but">but</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="portraiture">portraiture</span>.<span word="Sell">Sell</span> <span word="all">all</span> <span word="thou">thou</span> <span word="hast">hast</span>, <span word="and">and</span> <span word="give">give</span> <span word="it">it</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="poor">poor</span>, <span word="and">and</span> <span word="follow">follow</span> <span word="me">me</span>: <span word="but">but</span>, <span word="sell">sell</span> <span word="not">not</span> <span word="all">all</span> <span word="thou">thou</span> <span word="hast">hast</span>, <span word="except">except</span> <span word="thou">thou</span> <span word="come">come</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="follow">follow</span> <span word="me">me</span>; <span word="that">that</span> <span word="is">is</span>, <span word="except">except</span> <span word="thou">thou</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="vocation">vocation</span>, <span word="wherein">wherein</span> <span word="thou">thou</span> <span word="mayest">mayest</span> <span word="do">do</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="much">much</span> <span word="good">good</span>,<span word="with">with</span> <span word="little">little</span> <span word="means">means</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="great">great</span>; <span word="for">for</span> <span word="otherwise">otherwise</span>, <span word="infeeding">infeeding</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="streams">streams</span>, <span word="thou">thou</span> <span word="driest">driest</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="fountain">fountain</span>. <span word="Neither">Neither</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="there">there</span> <span word="only">only</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="habit">habit</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="goodness">goodness</span>, <span word="directed">directed</span> <span word="by">by</span> <span word="right">right</span> <span word="reason">reason</span>; <span word="but">but</span> <span word="there">there</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="some">some</span> <span word="men">men</span>, <span word="even">even</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="nature">nature</span>, <span word="a">a</span> <span word="disposition">disposition</span> <span word="towards">towards</span> <span word="it">it</span>; <span word="as">as</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="other">other</span> <span word="side">side</span>, <span word="there">there</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="natural">natural</span> <span word="malignity">malignity</span>. <span word="For">For</span> <span word="there">there</span> <span word="be">be</span>, <span word="that">that</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="their">their</span> <span word="nature">nature</span> <span word="do">do</span> <span word="not">not</span> <span word="affect">affect</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="good">good</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="others">others</span>. <span word="The">The</span> <span word="lighter">lighter</span> <span word="sort">sort</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="malignity">malignity</span>, <span word="turneth">turneth</span> <span word="but">but</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="crassness">crassness</span>, <span word="or">or</span> <span word="frowardness">frowardness</span>, <span word="or">or</span> <span word="aptness">aptness</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="oppose">oppose</span>, <span word="or">or</span> <span word="difficulties">difficulties</span>, <span word="or">or</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="like">like</span>; <span word="but">but</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="deeper">deeper</span> <span word="sort">sort</span>, <span word="to">to</span> <span word="envy">envy</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="mere">mere</span> <span word="mischief">mischief</span>. <span word="Such">Such</span> <span word="men">men</span>, <span word="in">in</span> <span word="other">other</span> <span word="men">men</span>'<span word="s">s</span> <span word="calamities">calamities</span>, <span word="are">are</span>, <span word="as">as</span> <span word="it">it</span> <span word="were">were</span>, <span word="in">in</span> <span word="season">season</span>, <span word="and">and</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="ever">ever</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="loading">loading</span> <span word="part">part</span>: <span word="not">not</span> <span word="so">so</span> <span word="good">good</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="dogs">dogs</span>, <span word="that">that</span> <span word="licked">licked</span> <span word="Lazarus">Lazarus</span>' <span word="sores">sores</span>; <span word="but">but</span> <span word="like">like</span> <span word="flies">flies</span>, <span word="that">that</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="still">still</span> <span word="buzzing">buzzing</span> <span word="upon">upon</span> <span word="any">any</span> <span word="thing">thing</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="raw">raw</span>; <span word="misanthropi">misanthropi</span>, <span word="that">that</span> <span word="make">make</span> <span word="it">it</span> <span word="their">their</span> <span word="practice">practice</span>, <span word="to">to</span> <span word="bring">bring</span> <span word="men">men</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="bough">bough</span>, <span word="and">and</span> <span word="yet">yet</span> <span word="never">never</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="tree">tree</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="purpose">purpose</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="their">their</span> <span word="gardens">gardens</span>, <span word="as">as</span> <span word="Timon">Timon</span> <span word="had">had</span>. <span word="Such">Such</span> <span word="dispositions">dispositions</span>, <span word="are">are</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="very">very</span> <span word="errors">errors</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="human">human</span> <span word="nature">nature</span>; <span word="and">and</span> <span word="yet">yet</span> <span word="they">they</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="fittest">fittest</span> <span word="timber">timber</span>, <span word="to">to</span> <span word="make">make</span> <span word="great">great</span> <span word="politics">politics</span> <span word="of">of</span>; <span word="like">like</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="knee">knee</span> <span word="timber">timber</span>, <span word="that">that</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="good">good</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="ships">ships</span>, <span word="that">that</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="ordained">ordained</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="tossed">tossed</span>; <span word="but">but</span> <span word="not">not</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="building">building</span> <span word="houses">houses</span>, <span word="that">that</span> <span word="shall">shall</span> <span word="stand">stand</span> <span word="firm">firm</span>. <span word="The">The</span> <span word="parts">parts</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="signs">signs</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="goodness">goodness</span>, <span word="are">are</span> <span word="many">many</span>. <span word="If">If</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="man">man</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="gracious">gracious</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="courteous">courteous</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="strangers">strangers</span>, <span word="it">it</span> <span word="shows">shows</span> <span word="he">he</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="citizen">citizen</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="world">world</span>, <span word="and">and</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="his">his</span> <span word="heart">heart</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="no">no</span> <span word="island">island</span>, <span word="cut">cut</span> <span word="off">off</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="other">other</span> <span word="lands">lands</span>, <span word="but">but</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="continent">continent</span>, <span word="that">that</span> <span word="joins">joins</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="them">them</span>. <span word="If">If</span> <span word="he">he</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="compassionate">compassionate</span> <span word="towards">towards</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="afflictions">afflictions</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="others">others</span>, <span word="it">it</span> <span word="shows">shows</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="his">his</span> <span word="heart">heart</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="like">like</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="noble">noble</span> <span word="tree">tree</span>, <span word="that">that</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="wounded">wounded</span> <span word="itself">itself</span>, <span word="when">when</span> <span word="it">it</span> <span word="gives">gives</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="balm">balm</span>. <span word="If">If</span> <span word="he">he</span> <span word="easily">easily</span> <span word="pardons">pardons</span>, <span word="and">and</span> <span word="remits">remits</span> <span word="offences">offences</span>, <span word="it">it</span> <span word="shows">shows</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="his">his</span> <span word="mind">mind</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="planted">planted</span> <span word="above">above</span> <span word="injuries">injuries</span>; <span word="so">so</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="he">he</span> <span word="cannot">cannot</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="shot">shot</span>. <span word="If">If</span> <span word="he">he</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="thankful">thankful</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="small">small</span> <span word="benefits">benefits</span>, <span word="it">it</span> <span word="shows">shows</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="he">he</span> <span word="weighs">weighs</span> <span word="men">men</span>'<span word="s">s</span> <span word="minds">minds</span>, <span word="and">and</span> <span word="not">not</span> <span word="their">their</span> <span word="trash">trash</span>. <span word="But">But</span> <span word="above">above</span> <span word="all">all</span>, <span word="if">if</span> <span word="he">he</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="St">St</span>. <span word="Paul">Paul</span>'<span word="s">s</span> <span word="perfection">perfection</span>, <span word="that">that</span> <span word="he">he</span> <span word="would">would</span> <span word="wish">wish</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="anathema">anathema</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="Christ">Christ</span>, <span word="for">for</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="salvation">salvation</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="his">his</span> <span word="brethren">brethren</span>, <span word="it">it</span> <span word="shows">shows</span> <span word="much">much</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="divine">divine</span> <span word="nature">nature</span>, <span word="and">and</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="kind">kind</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="conformity">conformity</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="Christ">Christ</span> <span word="himself">himself</span>. 我认为善的定义就是有利于人类。这也就是古希腊人所谓&<span word="ldquo">ldquo</span>;仁（<span word="Philanthropia">Philanthropia</span>）。或者&<span word="ldquo">ldquo</span>;人道精神（<span word="humanity">humanity</span>），但意义还要深。</p>
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