高考英语短文改错答题技巧详解
<p>高考英语短文改错答题技巧详解</p><p>短文改错对考生的要求较高，是对语言知识综合运用能力的考查，检测考生发现、判断、纠正文章错误的能力，进而考查学生的词法、句法及行文逻辑等方面的水平。考生在该项上往往失分较多，对该题感到束手无策。那么怎样找错误就成了解题的关键。小编在此跟大家分享一下短文改错题型的答题技巧。</p><p>短文改错解题思路和检查原则：</p><p>1. 句中各部分的结构是否完整，特别是每个句子要有动词；</p><p>2. 谓语动词的时态、语态；</p><p>3. 非谓语动词的用法；</p><p>4. 名词的单、复数，格的使用是否正确；</p><p>5. 定冠词和不定冠词是否正确；</p><p>6. 代词的格和性的使用是否有误；</p><p>7. 定语从句中关系代词、关系副词是否准确无误；</p><p>8. 并列句中的并列连词、主从复合句中的从属连词用的是否得当。</p><p>短文改错解题四原则：</p><p>改动以最少为原则；虚词以添加或删除为原则；实词以改变词形为原则；以保持句子原意为原则。</p><p>短文改错解题步骤：</p><p>通读全文，掌握大意；整句分析，逐行推敲；反复通读，复查验证。</p><p>解题注意要点和能力培养：</p><p>1. 核对错项时，若的确有一时难以改出的地方，可以参考所改动项是否基本符合“1：1：8”的比例。即多一词1个，缺词1个，错词8个。</p><p>2. 核对改正的语法项目是否有重复。因为短文改错往往覆盖面广，一般不会出现重复考查某个语法点的现象。</p><p>3. 核对答题符号是否规范，位置是否准确，看看有无遗漏符号、忽略字母大小写和拼写等问题。</p><p>短文改错常见错误类型：</p><p>1. 谓语动词的错误是历年考试的重点和热点，常见动词错误类型有①一般现在时与一般过去时错用；②and前后动词时态不一致；③主谓不一致；④缺少动词，特别是be动词；⑤第三人称单数形式错用；⑥主动语态和被动语态错用。</p><p>They did not want me to do any work at home; they want me to devote all my time to my studies. (did改为do，错误类型属于①)</p><p>As we climbed the mountain, we fed monkeys, visiting temples and told stories. (visiting改为visited，错误类型属于②)</p><p>One evening she told me that something happened when her parents was out. (was改为were，错误类型属于③)</p><p>There will an important game next month. (will后加be，错误类型属于④)</p><p>2. 名词的常见错误：单复数名词错用，可数名词与不可数名词错用。</p><p>Ill get good marks in all my subject. (subject改为subjects)</p><p>Their word were a great encouragement to me. (word改为words)</p><p>Without enough knowledges, you can never teach well. (knowledges改为knowledge)</p><p>3. 冠词错误：误用a和an（根据单词的第一个音素来判定）；误用a/an和the（固定搭配，或泛指、特指；多冠词或少冠词）</p><p>We maybe one family and live under a same roof. (a改为the，the same是固定搭配)</p><p>As everyone knows, its famous mountain with all kinds of pants. (mountain是可数名词需用冠词，所以其前加a)</p><p>I hope you have pleasant journey. (journey是可数名词，故have后加a)</p><p>4. 形容词和副词错误：系动词（am/is/are/was/were/become/go）和感官性动词（smell/feel）后用形容词；词性的误用（形容词修饰名词；副词修饰动词和形容词）。</p><p>Im sure well have a wonderfully time together. (time是名词，要用形容词wonderful修饰)</p><p>My pronunciation was terribly. (was后用形容词，terribly改为terrible)</p><p>5. 代词错误：代词的主格和宾格（I/me; he/him; she/her; we/us; they/them）错误；反身代词（myself/yourself/himself/herself/themselves/ourselves）使用错误；代词的单数和复数使用错误；代词指代错误；多代词或少代词。</p><p>Soon I began to enjoy talking to myself on paper as I was learning to express me in simple English. (me改为myself)</p><p>One day I wrote a little story and showed to my teacher. (to前加it)</p><p>If anyone of us had any difficulty in our life and study, the other would help him out. (other后加-s)</p><p>Whats more, you have to be friends with your pupils and take good care of him. (him改为them)</p><p>6. 非谓语动词的常见错误：不定式、动名词作主语、宾语时；and连接的不定式或动名词前后不一致；介词后用动名词形式作宾语；某些动词后要求接动名词或不定式。</p><p>Soon I began to enjoy talk to myself on paper. (enjoy后需接动名词，talk改为talking)</p><p>But his parents think go to college is more important than playing sports. (go作主语，应改为going)</p><p>Children may not develop the habit of read and the ability to enjoy themselves. (介词后用动名词形式作宾语，read改为reading)</p><p>I particularly enjoyed driving through the countryside with you and saw the changing colors of the leaves on the trees. (and连接的动名词前后不一致，故saw改为seeing)</p><p>7. 介词错误：词组中的介词误用；介词意思理解偏差；介词的多用或少用。</p><p>There are too many people among my family. (among改为in，in my family为固定搭配)</p><p>I was so tired that I fell asleep at the moment my head touched the pillow. (去掉at，the moment引导从句)</p>
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