江苏省启东中学届高三上学期第一次月考（10月）政治试卷
题型：非选择题※难度：一般
<div><div><p>【题目】材料一 某地2016年前三季度批发市场每公斤猪肉平均价格</p><table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width:100%; border:0.75pt solid #000000; border-collapse:collapse"><tr style="height:16.5pt"><td style="width:61.2pt; border-right-style:solid; border-right-width:0.75pt; border-bottom-style:solid; border-bottom-width:0.75pt; padding:3.38pt 5.03pt; vertical-align:middle"><p>月份</p></td><td style="width:19.2pt; border-right-style:solid; border-right-width:0.75pt; border-left-style:solid; border-left-width:0.75pt; border-bottom-style:solid; border-bottom-width:0.75pt; padding:3.38pt 5.03pt; vertical-align:middle"><p>1</p></td><td style="width:27.45pt; border-right-style:solid; border-right-width:0.75pt; border-left-style:solid; border-left-width:0.75pt; border-bottom-style:solid; border-bottom-width:0.75pt; padding:3.38pt 5.03pt; vertical-align:middle"><p>2</p></td><td style="width:27.45pt; border-right-style:solid; border-right-width:0.75pt; border-left-style:solid; border-left-width:0.75pt; border-bottom-style:solid; border-bottom-width:0.75pt; padding:3.38pt 5.03pt; vertical-align:middle"><p>3</p></td><td style="width:27.45pt; border-right-style:solid; border-right-width:0.75pt; border-left-style:solid; border-left-width:0.75pt; border-bottom-style:solid; border-bottom-width:0.75pt; padding:3.38pt 5.03pt; vertical-align:middle"><p>4</p></td><td style="width:27.45pt; border-right-style:solid; border-right-width:0.75pt; border-left-style:solid; border-left-width:0.75pt; border-bottom-style:solid; border-bottom-width:0.75pt; padding:3.38pt 5.03pt; vertical-align:middle"><p>5</p></td><td style="width:27.45pt; border-right-style:solid; border-right-width:0.75pt; border-left-style:solid; border-left-width:0.75pt; border-bottom-style:solid; border-bottom-width:0.75pt; padding:3.38pt 5.03pt; vertical-align:middle"><p>6</p></td><td style="width:27.45pt; border-right-style:solid; border-right-width:0.75pt; border-left-style:solid; border-left-width:0.75pt; border-bottom-style:solid; border-bottom-width:0.75pt; padding:3.38pt 5.03pt; vertical-align:middle"><p>7</p></td><td style="width:27.45pt; border-right-style:solid; border-right-width:0.75pt; border-left-style:solid; border-left-width:0.75pt; border-bottom-style:solid; border-bottom-width:0.75pt; padding:3.38pt 5.03pt; vertical-align:middle"><p>8</p></td><td style="width:27.45pt; border-left-style:solid; border-left-width:0.75pt; border-bottom-style:solid; border-bottom-width:0.75pt; padding:3.38pt 5.03pt; vertical-align:middle"><p>9</p></td></tr><tr style="height:16.5pt"><td style="width:61.2pt; border-top-style:solid; border-top-width:0.75pt; border-right-style:solid; border-right-width:0.75pt; padding:3.38pt 5.03pt; vertical-align:middle"><p>肉价(元)</p></td><td style="width:19.2pt; border-top-style:solid; border-top-width:0.75pt; border-right-style:solid; border-right-width:0.75pt; border-left-style:solid; border-left-width:0.75pt; padding:3.38pt 5.03pt; vertical-align:middle"><p>24</p></td><td style="width:27.45pt; border-top-style:solid; border-top-width:0.75pt; border-right-style:solid; border-right-width:0.75pt; border-left-style:solid; border-left-width:0.75pt; padding:3.38pt 5.03pt; vertical-align:middle"><p>24.5</p></td><td style="width:27.45pt; border-top-style:solid; border-top-width:0.75pt; border-right-style:solid; border-right-width:0.75pt; border-left-style:solid; border-left-width:0.75pt; padding:3.38pt 5.03pt; vertical-align:middle"><p>30.2</p></td><td style="width:27.45pt; border-top-style:solid; border-top-width:0.75pt; border-right-style:solid; border-right-width:0.75pt; border-left-style:solid; border-left-width:0.75pt; padding:3.38pt 5.03pt; vertical-align:middle"><p>26.2</p></td><td style="width:27.45pt; border-top-style:solid; border-top-width:0.75pt; border-right-style:solid; border-right-width:0.75pt; border-left-style:solid; border-left-width:0.75pt; padding:3.38pt 5.03pt; vertical-align:middle"><p>24.3</p></td><td style="width:27.45pt; border-top-style:solid; border-top-width:0.75pt; border-right-style:solid; border-right-width:0.75pt; border-left-style:solid; border-left-width:0.75pt; padding:3.38pt 5.03pt; vertical-align:middle"><p>23.2</p></td><td style="width:27.45pt; border-top-style:solid; border-top-width:0.75pt; border-right-style:solid; border-right-width:0.75pt; border-left-style:solid; border-left-width:0.75pt; padding:3.38pt 5.03pt; vertical-align:middle"><p>24.5</p></td><td style="width:27.45pt; border-top-style:solid; border-top-width:0.75pt; border-right-style:solid; border-right-width:0.75pt; border-left-style:solid; border-left-width:0.75pt; padding:3.38pt 5.03pt; vertical-align:middle"><p>25.7</p></td><td style="width:27.45pt; border-top-style:solid; border-top-width:0.75pt; border-left-style:solid; border-left-width:0.75pt; padding:3.38pt 5.03pt; vertical-align:middle"><p>27.1</p></td></tr></table><p> </p><p> </p><p>材料二 物价关乎民生。某地按照有关文件要求，当居民消费价格指数月度涨幅超过3%(含3%)时，将启动社会救助和保障标准与物价上涨挂钩联动机制，即对享受国家抚恤补助的优抚对象、城乡低保对象、农村五保对象、城市“三无”对象、孤儿、领取失业保险金期间的失业人员及工会登记在册的特困职工发放价格临时补贴；当居民消费价格指数月度涨幅超过5%(含5%)时，价格补贴标准在当月补贴基础上再增加50%。</p><p>结合材料，运用《经济生活》有关知识，回答下列问题：</p><p>(1) 依据材料一，撇开其他因素，运用经济学一般规律，请判断出图中四条曲线中分别反映猪肉和鸡肉需求变动情况的曲线，并说明作出判断的理由。</p><p> </p><p><img src="https://picture.zhihuicn.com/2018/01/02/20/01fbc0d6/SYS201801022022356566974840_ST/SYS201801022022356566974840_ST.001.png" width="268" height="174" alt="" style="-aw-left-pos:0pt; -aw-rel-hpos:column; -aw-rel-vpos:paragraph; -aw-top-pos:0pt; -aw-wrap-type:inline" /></p><p>(2)结合材料二，分析启动社会救助和保障标准与物价上涨挂钩联动机制的必要性。</p><p> </p></div></div>
<div><p>【答案】(1) 猪肉需求变动曲线为③；鸡肉需求变动曲线为①。</p><p>理由：三个季度里猪肉价格是升—降—升，所以其需求量应该是降—升—降，由于猪肉是生活必需品，其需求弹性小，故应该是曲线③而不是④，猪肉和鸡肉互为替代品，故鸡肉需求曲线为①。</p><p>(2) ① 价格影响供求，收入影响消费。物价上涨，会降低人们的购买力，实施社会救助和保障有利于提升低收入群体的生活质量；② 对低收入群体发放价格临时补贴是再分配更加注重公平的重要举措；③ 启动社会救助和保障标准与物价上涨挂钩联动机制也是贯彻落实以人为本的科学发展观的要求。(每点2分，共6分)</p><p>【解析】（1）设问要求运用经济学一般规律，判断出图中四条曲线中分别反映猪肉和鸡肉需求变动情况的曲线，并说明作出判断的理由。根据需求法则，当商品价格下降时，人们会增加对该商品的需求，反之，会减少对该商品的需求，三个季度里猪肉价格是升—降—升，所以其需求量应该是降—升—降，猪肉是生活必须品，其价格变化对人民需求影响比较小，所以猪肉需求变动曲线为③，鸡肉与猪肉互为替代商品，猪肉的需求量是降—升—降，则鸡肉的需求量是升—降—升，鸡肉需求变动曲线为①。</p><p>（2）设问要求分析启动社会救助和保障标准与物价上涨挂钩联动机制的必要性。考生分析时要结合材料，从物价水平是影响消费的重要因素，物价上涨会降低人们的购买力；启动社会求助和保障保准有利于保障低收入者基本的生活需要，是再分配更加公平的的举措；启动社会求助和保障标准与物价上涨挂钩体是贯彻科学发展观以人为本的要求等方面分析。</p></div>
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