光未然
<p> <bstyle="color:#252525;font-family:sans-serif;font-size:14px;line-height:22.4px;white-space:normal;background-color:#FFFFFF;">张光年</b><spanstyle="color:#252525;font-family:sans-serif;font-size:14px;line-height:22.4px;white-space:normal;background-color:#FFFFFF;">（1913年11月1日－2002年1月28日），笔名</span><bstyle="color:#252525;font-family:sans-serif;font-size:14px;line-height:22.4px;white-space:normal;background-color:#FFFFFF;">光未然</b><spanstyle="color:#252525;font-family:sans-serif;font-size:14px;line-height:22.4px;white-space:normal;background-color:#FFFFFF;">、华夫，</span><spanstyle="color:#0b0080;font-family:sans-serif;"><spanstyle="font-size:14px;line-height:22.4px;background:none#FFFFFF;">湖北省光化县</span></span><spanstyle="color:#252525;font-family:sans-serif;font-size:14px;line-height:22.4px;white-space:normal;background-color:#FFFFFF;">老河口镇（今</span><spanstyle="color:#0b0080;font-family:sans-serif;"><spanstyle="font-size:14px;line-height:22.4px;background:none#FFFFFF;">老河口市</span></span><spanstyle="color:#252525;font-family:sans-serif;font-size:14px;line-height:22.4px;white-space:normal;background-color:#FFFFFF;">）人，中国现代诗人、文学评论家。</span></p><p> <spanstyle="color:#252525;font-family:sans-serif;font-size:14px;line-height:22.4px;white-space:normal;background-color:#FFFFFF;"> <h2style="font-weight:normal;margin:1em0px0.25em;overflow:hidden;padding:0px;border-bottom-width:1px;border-bottom-style:solid;border-bottom-color:#AAAAAA;font-family:"line-height:1.3;white-space:normal;background:none#FFFFFF;"> <spanclass="mw-headline"id=".E7.94.9F.E5.B9.B3">张光年生平</span> </h2> <pstyle="margin-top:0.5em;margin-bottom:0.5em;line-height:22.4px;color:#252525;font-family:sans-serif;font-size:14px;white-space:normal;background-color:#FFFFFF;"> 张光年1927年加入<spanstyle="color:#0b0080;"><spanstyle="background-image:none;background-attachment:initial;background-size:initial;background-origin:initial;background-clip:initial;background-position:initial;background-repeat:initial;">中国共产主义青年团</span></span>，曾当过商店学徒、店员和小学教员。1935年肄业于<spanstyle="color:#0b0080;"><spanstyle="background-image:none;background-attachment:initial;background-size:initial;background-origin:initial;background-clip:initial;background-position:initial;background-repeat:initial;">私立武昌中华大学</span></span>中文系<supid="cite_ref-1"class="reference"style="line-height:1;unicode-bidi:isolate;white-space:nowrap;"><spanstyle="color:#0b0080;"><spanstyle="background-image:none;background-attachment:initial;background-size:initial;background-origin:initial;background-clip:initial;background-position:initial;background-repeat:initial;"></span></span></sup>，同年发表《<spanstyle="color:#0b0080;"><spanstyle="background-image:none;background-attachment:initial;background-size:initial;background-origin:initial;background-clip:initial;background-position:initial;background-repeat:initial;">五月的鲜花</span></span>》，经<spanstyle="color:#a55858;"><spanstyle="background-image:none;background-attachment:initial;background-size:initial;background-origin:initial;background-clip:initial;background-position:initial;background-repeat:initial;">阎述诗</span></span>谱曲后在<spanstyle="color:#0b0080;"><spanstyle="background-image:none;background-attachment:initial;background-size:initial;background-origin:initial;background-clip:initial;background-position:initial;background-repeat:initial;">“一二·九”运动</span></span>中广为流传。1937年加入<spanstyle="color:#0b0080;"><spanstyle="background-image:none;background-attachment:initial;background-size:initial;background-origin:initial;background-clip:initial;background-position:initial;background-repeat:initial;">中国共产党</span></span>。1939年1月赴<spanstyle="color:#0b0080;"><spanstyle="background-image:none;background-attachment:initial;background-size:initial;background-origin:initial;background-clip:initial;background-position:initial;background-repeat:initial;">延安</span></span>，同年3月创作《<spanstyle="color:#0b0080;"><spanstyle="background-image:none;background-attachment:initial;background-size:initial;background-origin:initial;background-clip:initial;background-position:initial;background-repeat:initial;">黄河大合唱</span></span>》，经<spanstyle="color:#0b0080;"><spanstyle="background-image:none;background-attachment:initial;background-size:initial;background-origin:initial;background-clip:initial;background-position:initial;background-repeat:initial;">冼星海</span></span>谱曲后于5月在延安首演，并进而流传全国。1940年到<spanstyle="color:#0b0080;"><spanstyle="background-image:none;background-attachment:initial;background-size:initial;background-origin:initial;background-clip:initial;background-position:initial;background-repeat:initial;">重庆</span></span>，创作长篇叙事诗《屈原》。1941年<spanstyle="color:#0b0080;"><spanstyle="background-image:none;background-attachment:initial;background-size:initial;background-origin:initial;background-clip:initial;background-position:initial;background-repeat:initial;">皖南事变</span></span>后到<spanstyle="color:#0b0080;"><spanstyle="background-image:none;background-attachment:initial;background-size:initial;background-origin:initial;background-clip:initial;background-position:initial;background-repeat:initial;">缅甸</span></span>，1942年回到<spanstyle="color:#0b0080;"><spanstyle="background-image:none;background-attachment:initial;background-size:initial;background-origin:initial;background-clip:initial;background-position:initial;background-repeat:initial;">云南</span></span>。1945年10月离开<spanstyle="color:#0b0080;"><spanstyle="background-image:none;background-attachment:initial;background-size:initial;background-origin:initial;background-clip:initial;background-position:initial;background-repeat:initial;">昆明</span></span>。1946年经<spanstyle="color:#0b0080;"><spanstyle="background-image:none;background-attachment:initial;background-size:initial;background-origin:initial;background-clip:initial;background-position:initial;background-repeat:initial;">北平</span></span>进入华北<spanstyle="color:#0b0080;"><spanstyle="background-image:none;background-attachment:initial;background-size:initial;background-origin:initial;background-clip:initial;background-position:initial;background-repeat:initial;">解放区</span></span>，先后任教于<spanstyle="color:#0b0080;"><spanstyle="background-image:none;background-attachment:initial;background-size:initial;background-origin:initial;background-clip:initial;background-position:initial;background-repeat:initial;">北方大学</span></span>、<spanstyle="color:#0b0080;"><spanstyle="background-image:none;background-attachment:initial;background-size:initial;background-origin:initial;background-clip:initial;background-position:initial;background-repeat:initial;">华北大学</span></span>。 </p> <pstyle="margin-top:0.5em;margin-bottom:0.5em;line-height:22.4px;color:#252525;font-family:sans-serif;font-size:14px;white-space:normal;background-color:#FFFFFF;"> 1949年后一直在<spanstyle="color:#0b0080;"><spanstyle="background-image:none;background-attachment:initial;background-size:initial;background-origin:initial;background-clip:initial;background-position:initial;background-repeat:initial;">北京</span></span>，先后任《剧本》、《<spanstyle="color:#a55858;"><spanstyle="background-image:none;background-attachment:initial;background-size:initial;background-origin:initial;background-clip:initial;background-position:initial;background-repeat:initial;">文艺报</span></span>》<spanstyle="color:#0b0080;"><spanstyle="background-image:none;background-attachment:initial;background-size:initial;background-origin:initial;background-clip:initial;background-position:initial;background-repeat:initial;">主编</span></span>，<spanstyle="color:#0b0080;"><spanstyle="background-image:none;background-attachment:initial;background-size:initial;background-origin:initial;background-clip:initial;background-position:initial;background-repeat:initial;">中国作家协会</span></span>书记处书记。是第三届、五届<spanstyle="color:#0b0080;"><spanstyle="background-image:none;background-attachment:initial;background-size:initial;background-origin:initial;background-clip:initial;background-position:initial;background-repeat:initial;">全国人大代表</span></span>。<supid="cite_ref-2"class="reference"style="line-height:1;unicode-bidi:isolate;white-space:nowrap;"><spanstyle="color:#0b0080;"><spanstyle="background-image:none;background-attachment:initial;background-size:initial;background-origin:initial;background-clip:initial;background-position:initial;background-repeat:initial;"></span></span></sup>后曾任<spanstyle="color:#0b0080;"><spanstyle="background-image:none;background-attachment:initial;background-size:initial;background-origin:initial;background-clip:initial;background-position:initial;background-repeat:initial;">中共中央顾问委员会</span></span>委员，中国作家协会名誉副主席。2002年1月28日在北京逝世<supid="cite_ref-3"class="reference"style="line-height:1;unicode-bidi:isolate;white-space:nowrap;"><spanstyle="color:#0b0080;"><spanstyle="background-image:none;background-attachment:initial;background-size:initial;background-origin:initial;background-clip:initial;background-position:initial;background-repeat:initial;"></span></span></sup>，2003年7月25日其骨灰在<spanstyle="color:#0b0080;"><spanstyle="background-image:none;background-attachment:initial;background-size:initial;background-origin:initial;background-clip:initial;background-position:initial;background-repeat:initial;">青海省循化县积石镇</span></span>撒入<spanstyle="color:#0b0080;"><spanstyle="background-image:none;background-attachment:initial;background-size:initial;background-origin:initial;background-clip:initial;background-position:initial;background-repeat:initial;">黄河</span></span>。<supid="cite_ref-4"class="reference"style="line-height:1;unicode-bidi:isolate;white-space:nowrap;"><spanstyle="color:#0b0080;"><spanstyle="background-image:none;background-attachment:initial;background-size:initial;background-origin:initial;background-clip:initial;background-position:initial;background-repeat:initial;"></span></span></sup> </p> <h2style="font-weight:normal;margin:1em0px0.25em;overflow:hidden;padding:0px;border-bottom-width:1px;border-bottom-style:solid;border-bottom-color:#AAAAAA;font-family:"line-height:1.3;white-space:normal;background:none#FFFFFF;"> <spanclass="mw-headline"id=".E8.91.97.E4.BD.9C">张光年的著作</span> </h2> <ulstyle="margin:0.3em0px0px1.6em;padding:0px;list-style-image:url("data:image/svg+xml,%3C%3Fxml%20version%3D%221.0%22%20encoding%3D%22UTF-8%22%3F%3E%0A%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%22%20version%3D%221.1%22%20width%3D%225%22%20height%3D%2213%22%3E%0A%3Ccircle%20cx%3D%222.5%22%20cy%3D%229.5%22%20r%3D%222.5%22%20fill%3D%22%2300528c%22%2F%3E%0A%3C%2Fsvg%3E%0A"color:#252525;font-family:sans-serif;font-size:14px;line-height:22.4px;white-space:normal;background-color:#FFFFFF;"> <listyle="margin-bottom:0.1em;"> <citeclass="citationbook"style="font-style:normal;">街头剧创作集.汉口扬子江出版社.1938.</cite><spantitle="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%BC%A0%E5%85%89%E5%B9%B4&rft.btitle=%E8%A1%97%E5%A4%B4%E5%89%A7%E5%88%9B%E4%BD%9C%E9%9B%86&rft.date=1938&rft.genre=book&rft.pub=%E6%B1%89%E5%8F%A3%E6%89%AC%E5+%90%E6%B1%9F%E5%87%BA%E7%89%88%E7%A4%BE&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook"class="Z3988"></span> </li> <listyle="margin-bottom:0.1em;"> <citeclass="citationbook"style="font-style:normal;">戏剧的现实主义问题.中国戏剧出版社.1957.</cite><spantitle="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%BC%A0%E5%85%89%E5%B9%B4&rft.btitle=%E6%88%8F%E5%89%A7%E7%9A%84%E7%8E%B0%E5%AE%9E%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89%E9%97%AE%E9%A2%98&rft.date=1957&rft.genre=book&rft.pub=%E4%B8+%E5%9B%BD%E6%88%8F%E5%89%A7%E5%87%BA%E7%89%88%E7%A4%BE&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook"class="Z3988"></span> </li> <listyle="margin-bottom:0.1em;"> <citeclass="citationbook"style="font-style:normal;">文艺辩论集.作家出版社.1958.</cite><spantitle="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%BC%A0%E5%85%89%E5%B9%B4&rft.btitle=%E6%96%87%E8%89%BA%E8%BE%A9%E8%AE%BA%E9%9B%86&rft.date=1958&rft.genre=book&rft.pub=%E4%BD%9C%E5%AE%B6%E5%87%BA%E7%89%88%E7%A4%BE&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook"class="Z3988"></span> </li> <listyle="margin-bottom:0.1em;"> <citeclass="citationbook"style="font-style:normal;">五月花.作家出版社.1960.</cite><spantitle="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%BC%A0%E5%85%89%E5%B9%B4&rft.btitle=%E4%BA%94%E6%9C%88%E8%8A%B1&rft.date=1960&rft.genre=book&rft.pub=%E4%BD%9C%E5%AE%B6%E5%87%BA%E7%89%88%E7%A4%BE&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook"class="Z3988"></span> </li> <listyle="margin-bottom:0.1em;"> <citeclass="citationbook"style="font-style:normal;">江海日记.群众出版社.1996. <spanstyle="color:#0b0080;"><spanstyle="background-image:none;background-attachment:initial;background-size:initial;background-origin:initial;background-clip:initial;background-position:initial;background-repeat:initial;">ISBN</span></span> <spanstyle="color:#0b0080;"><spanstyle="background-image:none;background-attachment:initial;background-size:initial;background-origin:initial;background-clip:initial;background-position:initial;background-repeat:initial;">9787501414024</span></span>.</cite><spantitle="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%BC%A0%E5%85%89%E5%B9%B4&rft.btitle=%E6%B1%9F%E6%B5%B7%E6%97%A5%E8%AE%B0&rft.date=1996&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=9787501414024&rft.pub=%E7%BE%A4%E4%BC%97%E5%87%BA%E7%89%88%E7%A4%BE&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook"class="Z3988"></span> </li> <listyle="margin-bottom:0.1em;"> <citeclass="citationbook"style="font-style:normal;">向阳日记.上海远东出版社.1997. 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<h2style="font-weight:normal;margin:1em0px0.25em;overflow:hidden;padding:0px;border-bottom-width:1px;border-bottom-style:solid;border-bottom-color:#AAAAAA;font-family:"line-height:1.3;white-space:normal;background:none#FFFFFF;"> <spanclass="mw-headline"id=".E5.8F.82.E8.80.83.E6.96.87.E7.8C.AE">参考文献</span> </h2> <olclass="references"style="margin:0px0px0.5em3.2em;padding:0px;list-style-image:none;font-size:12.6px;list-style-type:inherit;"> <liid="cite_note-1"style="margin-bottom:0.1em;break-inside:avoid-column;"> <b><spanstyle="color:#0b0080;"><spanstyle="background-image:none;background-attachment:initial;background-size:initial;background-origin:initial;background-clip:initial;background-position:initial;background-repeat:initial;">^</span></span></b> <spanclass="reference-text"><citeclass="citationweb"style="font-style:normal;"><spanstyle="color:#663366;"><spanstyle="padding-right:13px;background-image:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("data:image/svg+xml,%3C%3Fxml%20version%3D%221.0%22%20encoding%3D%22UTF-8%22%20standalone%3D%22no%22%3F%3E%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%22%20width%3D%2212%22%20height%3D%2212%22%3E%3Cpath%20fill%3D%22%23fff%22%20stroke%3D%22%2306c%22%20d%3D%22M1.5%204.518h5.982V10.5H1.5z%22%2F%3E%3Cpath%20d%3D%22M5.765%201H11v5.39L9.427%207.937l-1.31-1.31L5.393%209.35l-2.69-2.688%202.81-2.808L4.2%202.544z%22%20fill%3D%22%2306f%22%2F%3E%3Cpath%20d%3D%22M9.995%202.004l.022%204.885L8.2%205.07%205.32%207.95%204.09%206.723l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z%22%20fill%3D%22%23fff%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E"background-attachment:initial,initial;background-size:initial,initial;background-origin:initial,initial;background-clip:initial,initial;background-position:rightcenter;background-repeat:no-repeat,repeat;">《黄河大合唱》词作者张光年</span></span>.新华网.</cite><spantitle="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%BC%A0%E5%85%89%E5%B9%B4&rft.btitle=%E3%8A%E9%BB%84%E6%B2%B3%E5%A4%A7%E5%90%88%E5%94%B1%E3%E8%AF%E4%BD%9C%E8%85+%E5%BC%A0%E5%85%89%E5%B9%B4&rft.genre=unknown&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.hb.xinhuanet.com%2Fpeople%2F2004-03%2F25%2Fcontent_1848606.htm&rft.pub=%E6%96%B0%E5%8E%E7%BD%91&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook"class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <liid="cite_note-2"style="margin-bottom:0.1em;break-inside:avoid-column;"> <b><spanstyle="color:#0b0080;"><spanstyle="background-image:none;background-attachment:initial;background-size:initial;background-origin:initial;background-clip:initial;background-position:initial;background-repeat:initial;">^</span></span></b> <spanclass="reference-text"><citeclass="citationbook"style="font-style:normal;">中国文学家辞典·现代第一分册.四川人民出版社.1979:320–321. <spanstyle="color:#0b0080;"><spanstyle="background-image:none;background-attachment:initial;background-size:initial;background-origin:initial;background-clip:initial;background-position:initial;background-repeat:initial;">CSBN</span></span> 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</li> <liid="cite_note-3"style="margin-bottom:0.1em;break-inside:avoid-column;"> <b><spanstyle="color:#0b0080;"><spanstyle="background-image:none;background-attachment:initial;background-size:initial;background-origin:initial;background-clip:initial;background-position:initial;background-repeat:initial;">^</span></span></b> <spanclass="reference-text"><citeclass="citationweb"style="font-style:normal;"><spanstyle="color:#663366;"><spanstyle="padding-right:13px;background-image:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("data:image/svg+xml,%3C%3Fxml%20version%3D%221.0%22%20encoding%3D%22UTF-8%22%20standalone%3D%22no%22%3F%3E%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%22%20width%3D%2212%22%20height%3D%2212%22%3E%3Cpath%20fill%3D%22%23fff%22%20stroke%3D%22%2306c%22%20d%3D%22M1.5%204.518h5.982V10.5H1.5z%22%2F%3E%3Cpath%20d%3D%22M5.765%201H11v5.39L9.427%207.937l-1.31-1.31L5.393%209.35l-2.69-2.688%202.81-2.808L4.2%202.544z%22%20fill%3D%22%2306f%22%2F%3E%3Cpath%20d%3D%22M9.995%202.004l.022%204.885L8.2%205.07%205.32%207.95%204.09%206.723l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z%22%20fill%3D%22%23fff%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E"background-attachment:initial,initial;background-size:initial,initial;background-origin:initial,initial;background-clip:initial,initial;background-position:rightcenter;background-repeat:no-repeat,repeat;">张光年同志遗体火化</span></span>.人民网.</cite><spantitle="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%BC%A0%E5%85%89%E5%B9%B4&rft.btitle=%E5%BC%A0%E5%85%89%E5%B9%B4%E5%90%8C%E5%BF%97%E9%81%97%E4%BD%93%E7%81%AB%E5%8C%96&rft.genre=unknown&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fpast.people.com.cn%2FGB%2Fpaper464%2F5443%2F563237.html&rft.pub=%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E7%BD%91&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook"class="Z3988"></span></span> 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<spanclass="reference-text"><spanstyle="color:#663366;"><spanstyle="padding-right:13px;background-image:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("data:image/svg+xml,%3C%3Fxml%20version%3D%221.0%22%20encoding%3D%22UTF-8%22%20standalone%3D%22no%22%3F%3E%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%22%20width%3D%2212%22%20height%3D%2212%22%3E%3Cpath%20fill%3D%22%23fff%22%20stroke%3D%22%2306c%22%20d%3D%22M1.5%204.518h5.982V10.5H1.5z%22%2F%3E%3Cpath%20d%3D%22M5.765%201H11v5.39L9.427%207.937l-1.31-1.31L5.393%209.35l-2.69-2.688%202.81-2.808L4.2%202.544z%22%20fill%3D%22%2306f%22%2F%3E%3Cpath%20d%3D%22M9.995%202.004l.022%204.885L8.2%205.07%205.32%207.95%204.09%206.723l2.882-2.88-1.85-1.852z%22%20fill%3D%22%23fff%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E"background-attachment:initial,initial;background-size:initial,initial;background-origin:initial,initial;background-clip:initial,initial;background-position:rightcenter;background-repeat:no-repeat,repeat;">著名诗人张光年骨灰撒放黄河上游</span></span>.新华网.</span> </li> </ol> <br/></span></p>
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