孙大雨
<p> <bstyle="color:#252525;font-family:sans-serif;font-size:14px;line-height:22.4px;white-space:normal;background-color:#FFFFFF;">孙大雨</b><spanstyle="color:#252525;font-family:sans-serif;font-size:14px;line-height:22.4px;white-space:normal;background-color:#FFFFFF;">（1905年－1997年），原名孙铭传，</span><spanstyle="color:#0b0080;font-family:sans-serif;"><spanstyle="font-size:14px;line-height:22.4px;background:none#FFFFFF;">上海市</span></span><spanstyle="color:#252525;font-family:sans-serif;font-size:14px;line-height:22.4px;white-space:normal;background-color:#FFFFFF;">人，原籍</span><spanstyle="color:#0b0080;font-family:sans-serif;"><spanstyle="font-size:14px;line-height:22.4px;background:none#FFFFFF;">浙江诸暨县</span></span><spanstyle="color:#252525;font-family:sans-serif;font-size:14px;line-height:22.4px;white-space:normal;background-color:#FFFFFF;">，中国诗人、文学翻译家、莎士比亚学者，</span><spanstyle="color:#0b0080;font-family:sans-serif;"><spanstyle="font-size:14px;line-height:22.4px;background:none#FFFFFF;">华东师范大学外文系</span></span><spanstyle="color:#252525;font-family:sans-serif;font-size:14px;line-height:22.4px;white-space:normal;background-color:#FFFFFF;">教授，并以在1957年反右运动中被</span><spanstyle="color:#0b0080;font-family:sans-serif;"><spanstyle="font-size:14px;line-height:22.4px;background:none#FFFFFF;">毛泽东</span></span><spanstyle="color:#252525;font-family:sans-serif;font-size:14px;line-height:22.4px;white-space:normal;background-color:#FFFFFF;">点名而成为“钦定右派”而著称。</span></p><p> <spanstyle="color:#252525;font-family:sans-serif;font-size:14px;line-height:22.4px;white-space:normal;background-color:#FFFFFF;"></span></p><h2style="font-weight:normal;margin:1em0px0.25em;overflow:hidden;padding:0px;border-bottom-width:1px;border-bottom-style:solid;border-bottom-color:#AAAAAA;font-family:"line-height:1.3;white-space:normal;background:none=""#ffffff;"=""><spanclass="mw-headline"id=".E7.94.9F.E5.B9.B3">孙大雨生平</span> </h2> <pstyle="margin-top:0.5em;margin-bottom:0.5em;line-height:22.4px;color:#252525;font-family:sans-serif;font-size:14px;white-space:normal;background-color:#FFFFFF;"> 孙大雨毕业于<spanstyle="color:#0b0080;"><spanstyle="background-image:none;background-attachment:initial;background-size:initial;background-origin:initial;background-clip:initial;background-position:initial;background-repeat:initial;">清华学校</span></span>高等科，后赴美国<spanstyle="color:#0b0080;"><spanstyle="background-image:none;background-attachment:initial;background-size:initial;background-origin:initial;background-clip:initial;background-position:initial;background-repeat:initial;">耶鲁大学</span></span>研究生院深造。三十年代初归国，历任<spanstyle="color:#0b0080;"><spanstyle="background-image:none;background-attachment:initial;background-size:initial;background-origin:initial;background-clip:initial;background-position:initial;background-repeat:initial;">国立北京大学</span></span>、<spanstyle="color:#0b0080;"><spanstyle="background-image:none;background-attachment:initial;background-size:initial;background-origin:initial;background-clip:initial;background-position:initial;background-repeat:initial;">国立浙江大学</span></span>、<spanstyle="color:#0b0080;"><spanstyle="background-image:none;background-attachment:initial;background-size:initial;background-origin:initial;background-clip:initial;background-position:initial;background-repeat:initial;">暨南大学</span></span>、<spanstyle="color:#0b0080;"><spanstyle="background-image:none;background-attachment:initial;background-size:initial;background-origin:initial;background-clip:initial;background-position:initial;background-repeat:initial;">复旦大学</span></span>等十多所大学的教授。他在三十年代，加入<spanstyle="color:#0b0080;"><spanstyle="background-image:none;background-attachment:initial;background-size:initial;background-origin:initial;background-clip:initial;background-position:initial;background-repeat:initial;">梁实秋</span></span>、<spanstyle="color:#0b0080;"><spanstyle="background-image:none;background-attachment:initial;background-size:initial;background-origin:initial;background-clip:initial;background-position:initial;background-repeat:initial;">徐志摩</span></span>等人倡导的文学团体“<spanstyle="color:#0b0080;"><spanstyle="background-image:none;background-attachment:initial;background-size:initial;background-origin:initial;background-clip:initial;background-position:initial;background-repeat:initial;">新月社</span></span>”。出过诗集，又致力莎士比亚作品的研究和翻译，把<spanstyle="color:#a55858;"><spanstyle="background-image:none;background-attachment:initial;background-size:initial;background-origin:initial;background-clip:initial;background-position:initial;background-repeat:initial;">莎土比亚</span></span>的诗剧《黎琊王》、《罕秣莱德》等译成中文，把许多唐诗译成英文。 </p> <pstyle="margin-top:0.5em;margin-bottom:0.5em;line-height:22.4px;color:#252525;font-family:sans-serif;font-size:14px;white-space:normal;background-color:#FFFFFF;"> 1946年，孙大雨由罗隆基介绍加入<spanstyle="color:#0b0080;"><spanstyle="background-image:none;background-attachment:initial;background-size:initial;background-origin:initial;background-clip:initial;background-position:initial;background-repeat:initial;">民盟</span></span>，在国共内战期间倾向中共。1955年8月，孙大雨在肃反运动中一度遭到斗争，罪名包括自认为马列主义水平很高，只有周恩来有资格与他对话，以及藐视苏联专家。虽然不够定案为反革命分子，此后他多次多方诉说自己在肃反运动中遭到的冤屈。1956年12月，孙大雨在上海市政协会议上发言，检举揭发曾经打击他的陈其五、李正文、复旦大学现任党委书记杨西光、市高教局主任曹未风、复旦大学教授章靳以、漆琪生等人是反革命集团，并向毛泽东、周恩来写信控诉。<supid="cite_ref-1"class="reference"style="line-height:1;unicode-bidi:isolate;white-space:nowrap;"><spanstyle="color:#0b0080;"><spanstyle="background-image:none;background-attachment:initial;background-size:initial;background-origin:initial;background-clip:initial;background-position:initial;background-repeat:initial;"></span></span></sup>。1957年，毛泽东在上海干部会议讲话，把他同<spanstyle="color:#0b0080;"><spanstyle="background-image:none;background-attachment:initial;background-size:initial;background-origin:initial;background-clip:initial;background-position:initial;background-repeat:initial;">章伯钧</span></span>、<spanstyle="color:#0b0080;"><spanstyle="background-image:none;background-attachment:initial;background-size:initial;background-origin:initial;background-clip:initial;background-position:initial;background-repeat:initial;">罗隆基</span></span>、<spanstyle="color:#0b0080;"><spanstyle="background-image:none;background-attachment:initial;background-size:initial;background-origin:initial;background-clip:initial;background-position:initial;background-repeat:initial;">章乃器</span></span>、<spanstyle="color:#0b0080;"><spanstyle="background-image:none;background-attachment:initial;background-size:initial;background-origin:initial;background-clip:initial;background-position:initial;background-repeat:initial;">陈仁炳</span></span>、<spanstyle="color:#0b0080;"><spanstyle="background-image:none;background-attachment:initial;background-size:initial;background-origin:initial;background-clip:initial;background-position:initial;background-repeat:initial;">彭文应</span></span>、<spanstyle="color:#a55858;"><spanstyle="background-image:none;background-attachment:initial;background-size:initial;background-origin:initial;background-clip:initial;background-position:initial;background-repeat:initial;">陆诒和</span></span>点名列为右派分子。于是，陈其五、杨西光、李正文等16人联名向上海市人民检察院控诉孙大雨诽谤罪名<supid="cite_ref-2"class="reference"style="line-height:1;unicode-bidi:isolate;white-space:nowrap;"><spanstyle="color:#0b0080;"><spanstyle="background-image:none;background-attachment:initial;background-size:initial;background-origin:initial;background-clip:initial;background-position:initial;background-repeat:initial;"></span></span></sup>，1958年6月2日，孙大雨被上海市人民法院判处有期徒刑六年。<supid="cite_ref-3"class="reference"style="line-height:1;unicode-bidi:isolate;white-space:nowrap;"><spanstyle="color:#0b0080;"><spanstyle="background-image:none;background-attachment:initial;background-size:initial;background-origin:initial;background-clip:initial;background-position:initial;background-repeat:initial;"></span></span></sup> </p> <pstyle="margin-top:0.5em;margin-bottom:0.5em;line-height:22.4px;color:#252525;font-family:sans-serif;font-size:14px;white-space:normal;background-color:#FFFFFF;"> 在极“左”思潮统治时期，孙大雨先生长期遭受不公正待遇，甚至遭受了长期的牢狱之灾。“四人帮”粉碎后，孙大雨身上的刑事罪名依然不能得到平反。他原先任教的复旦大学由于种种原因表示碍难接受孙大雨回校任教。当时<spanstyle="color:#0b0080;"><spanstyle="background-image:none;background-attachment:initial;background-size:initial;background-origin:initial;background-clip:initial;background-position:initial;background-repeat:initial;">华东师范大学</span></span>校务委员会主任施平挺身而出：“孙大雨，复旦不要，师大要。”于是，孙大雨就被安排到了华东师范大学<spanstyle="color:#0b0080;"><spanstyle="background-image:none;background-attachment:initial;background-size:initial;background-origin:initial;background-clip:initial;background-position:initial;background-repeat:initial;">外文系</span></span>，直至一九九七年去世。<supid="cite_ref-4"class="reference"style="line-height:1;unicode-bidi:isolate;white-space:nowrap;"><spanstyle="color:#0b0080;"><spanstyle="background-image:none;background-attachment:initial;background-size:initial;background-origin:initial;background-clip:initial;background-position:initial;background-repeat:initial;"></span></span></sup> </p><h2style="font-weight:normal;margin:1em0px0.25em;overflow:hidden;padding:0px;border-bottom-width:1px;border-bottom-style:solid;border-bottom-color:#AAAAAA;font-family:"line-height:1.3;white-space:normal;background:none=""#ffffff;"=""><spanclass="mw-headline"id=".E5.8F.82.E8.A7.81">参见</span></h2><ulstyle="margin:0.3em0px0px1.6em;padding:0px;list-style-image:url("data:image=""svg+xml,%3c%3fxml%20version%3d%221.0%22%20encoding%3d%22utf-8%22%3f%3e%0a%3csvg%20xmlns%3d%22http%3a%2f%2fwww.w3.org%2f2000%2fsvg%22%20version%3d%221.1%22%20width%3d%225%22%20height%3d%2213%22%3e%0a%3ccircle%20cx%3d%222.5%22%20cy%3d%229.5%22%20r%3d%222.5%22%20fill%3d%22%2300528c%22%2f%3e%0a%3c%2fsvg%3e%0a"color:#252525;font-family:sans-serif;font-size:14px;line-height:22.4px;white-space:normal;background-color:#ffffff;"=""><listyle="margin-bottom:0.1em;"> <spanstyle="color:#0b0080;"><spanstyle="background-image:none;background-attachment:initial;background-size:initial;background-origin:initial;background-clip:initial;background-position:initial;background-repeat:initial;">上海大学教授联谊会</span></span></li> </ul><h2style="font-weight:normal;margin:1em0px0.25em;overflow:hidden;padding:0px;border-bottom-width:1px;border-bottom-style:solid;border-bottom-color:#AAAAAA;font-family:"line-height:1.3;white-space:normal;background:none=""#ffffff;"=""><spanclass="mw-headline"id=".E5.8F.82.E8.80.83.E6.96.87.E7.8C.AE">参考文献</span> </h2> <olclass="references"style="margin:0.3em0px0.5em3.2em;padding:0px;list-style-image:none;font-size:12.6px;"> <liid="cite_note-1"style="margin-bottom:0.1em;"> <b>^</b><spanclass="reference-text">1957年《新华社新闻稿》</span> </li> <liid="cite_note-2"style="margin-bottom:0.1em;"> <b>^</b><spanclass="reference-text">《文汇报》，1957年8月3日</span> </li> <liid="cite_note-3"style="margin-bottom:0.1em;"> <b>^</b><spanclass="reference-text">1957年的夏季：从百家争鸣到两家争鸣</span> </li> <liid="cite_note-4"style="margin-bottom:0.1em;"> <b>^</b><spanclass="reference-text">香港中文大学中国研究服务中心教授风骨－－狱友孙大雨</span> </li> </ol> <p> <br/> </p>
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