艾兴多尔夫(JosephvonEic
<p> <bstyle="color:#252525;font-family:sans-serif;font-size:14px;line-height:22.4px;white-space:normal;background-color:#FFFFFF;">约瑟夫·弗赖赫尔·冯·艾兴多尔夫</b><spanstyle="color:#252525;font-family:sans-serif;font-size:14px;line-height:22.4px;white-space:normal;background-color:#FFFFFF;">（</span><spanlang="en"xml:lang="en"style="color:#252525;font-family:sans-serif;font-size:14px;line-height:22.4px;white-space:normal;background-color:#FFFFFF;">JosephFreiherrvonEichendorff</span><spanstyle="color:#252525;font-family:sans-serif;font-size:14px;line-height:22.4px;white-space:normal;background-color:#FFFFFF;">）（1788年－1857年），</span><spanstyle="color:#0b0080;font-family:sans-serif;"><spanstyle="font-size:14px;line-height:22.4px;background:none#FFFFFF;">德国诗人</span></span><spanstyle="color:#252525;font-family:sans-serif;font-size:14px;line-height:22.4px;white-space:normal;background-color:#FFFFFF;">，</span><spanstyle="color:#0b0080;font-family:sans-serif;"><spanstyle="font-size:14px;line-height:22.4px;background:none#FFFFFF;">小说</span></span><spanstyle="color:#252525;font-family:sans-serif;font-size:14px;line-height:22.4px;white-space:normal;background-color:#FFFFFF;">家。约瑟夫被视为德国最重要的</span><spanstyle="color:#0b0080;font-family:sans-serif;"><spanstyle="font-size:14px;line-height:22.4px;background:none#FFFFFF;">浪漫主义</span></span><spanstyle="color:#252525;font-family:sans-serif;font-size:14px;line-height:22.4px;white-space:normal;background-color:#FFFFFF;">作家，他的作品从诞生之初到现代在德国都很流行。</span><supid="cite_ref-1"class="reference"style="line-height:1;unicode-bidi:isolate;color:#252525;font-family:sans-serif;background-color:#FFFFFF;"><spanstyle="color:#0b0080;"><spanstyle="background-image:none;background-attachment:initial;background-size:initial;background-origin:initial;background-clip:initial;background-position:initial;background-repeat:initial;"></span></span></sup></p><p> <h2style="font-weight:normal;margin:1em0px0.25em;overflow:hidden;padding:0px;border-bottom-width:1px;border-bottom-style:solid;border-bottom-color:#AAAAAA;font-family:"line-height:1.3;white-space:normal;background:none#FFFFFF;"> <spanclass="mw-headline"id=".E7.94.9F.E5.B9.B3">生平</span> </h2> <pstyle="margin-top:0.5em;margin-bottom:0.5em;line-height:22.4px;color:#252525;font-family:sans-serif;font-size:14px;white-space:normal;background-color:#FFFFFF;"> 1788年3月10日，约瑟夫·弗赖赫尔·冯·艾兴多尔夫在<spanstyle="color:#0b0080;"><spanstyle="background-image:none;background-attachment:initial;background-size:initial;background-origin:initial;background-clip:initial;background-position:initial;background-repeat:initial;">普鲁士王国上西里西亚拉齐布日</span></span>出生。他的父亲是阿道夫·弗赖赫尔·冯·艾兴多尔夫（AdolfFreiherrvonEichendorff），一名<spanstyle="color:#0b0080;"><spanstyle="background-image:none;background-attachment:initial;background-size:initial;background-origin:initial;background-clip:initial;background-position:initial;background-repeat:initial;">普鲁士</span></span>军官。他的母亲是卡罗琳（néeFreiinvonKloche），来自<spanstyle="color:#0b0080;"><spanstyle="background-image:none;background-attachment:initial;background-size:initial;background-origin:initial;background-clip:initial;background-position:initial;background-repeat:initial;">天主教会</span></span>贵族家庭。自1805年起，约瑟夫分别在<spanstyle="color:#0b0080;"><spanstyle="background-image:none;background-attachment:initial;background-size:initial;background-origin:initial;background-clip:initial;background-position:initial;background-repeat:initial;">哈雷</span></span>和<spanstyle="color:#0b0080;"><spanstyle="background-image:none;background-attachment:initial;background-size:initial;background-origin:initial;background-clip:initial;background-position:initial;background-repeat:initial;">海德堡</span></span>学习<spanstyle="color:#0b0080;"><spanstyle="background-image:none;background-attachment:initial;background-size:initial;background-origin:initial;background-clip:initial;background-position:initial;background-repeat:initial;">法律</span></span>。1808年，他走遍欧洲，访问<spanstyle="color:#0b0080;"><spanstyle="background-image:none;background-attachment:initial;background-size:initial;background-origin:initial;background-clip:initial;background-position:initial;background-repeat:initial;">巴黎</span></span>与<spanstyle="color:#0b0080;"><spanstyle="background-image:none;background-attachment:initial;background-size:initial;background-origin:initial;background-clip:initial;background-position:initial;background-repeat:initial;">维也纳</span></span>。1810年，他回到家乡帮助父亲经营家族地产。同年，他在<spanstyle="color:#0b0080;"><spanstyle="background-image:none;background-attachment:initial;background-size:initial;background-origin:initial;background-clip:initial;background-position:initial;background-repeat:initial;">柏林</span></span>结识了<spanstyle="color:#0b0080;"><spanstyle="background-image:none;background-attachment:initial;background-size:initial;background-origin:initial;background-clip:initial;background-position:initial;background-repeat:initial;">海因里希·冯·克莱斯特</span></span>与<spanstyle="color:#0b0080;"><spanstyle="background-image:none;background-attachment:initial;background-size:initial;background-origin:initial;background-clip:initial;background-position:initial;background-repeat:initial;">约翰·戈特利布·费希特</span></span>等。1813年到1815年，他参加<spanstyle="color:#0b0080;"><spanstyle="background-image:none;background-attachment:initial;background-size:initial;background-origin:initial;background-clip:initial;background-position:initial;background-repeat:initial;">拿破仑战争</span></span>，在<spanstyle="color:#0b0080;"><spanstyle="background-image:none;background-attachment:initial;background-size:initial;background-origin:initial;background-clip:initial;background-position:initial;background-repeat:initial;">吕措陆战队</span></span>中当志愿军。 </p> <pstyle="margin-top:0.5em;margin-bottom:0.5em;line-height:22.4px;color:#252525;font-family:sans-serif;font-size:14px;white-space:normal;background-color:#FFFFFF;"> 从1816年起，约瑟夫在<spanstyle="color:#0b0080;"><spanstyle="background-image:none;background-attachment:initial;background-size:initial;background-origin:initial;background-clip:initial;background-position:initial;background-repeat:initial;">普鲁士</span></span>担任行政工作。起初他在<spanstyle="color:#0b0080;"><spanstyle="background-image:none;background-attachment:initial;background-size:initial;background-origin:initial;background-clip:initial;background-position:initial;background-repeat:initial;">弗罗茨瓦夫</span></span>的司法机关里工作。1821年，他在<spanstyle="color:#0b0080;"><spanstyle="background-image:none;background-attachment:initial;background-size:initial;background-origin:initial;background-clip:initial;background-position:initial;background-repeat:initial;">格但斯克</span></span>担任学校检察员，1824年在<spanstyle="color:#0b0080;"><spanstyle="background-image:none;background-attachment:initial;background-size:initial;background-origin:initial;background-clip:initial;background-position:initial;background-repeat:initial;">柯尼斯堡</span></span>担任此职。1831年，他举家迁往柏林，在那里为几个部门工作后，于1844年退休。1857年11月26日，约瑟夫在上西里西亚<spanstyle="color:#0b0080;"><spanstyle="background-image:none;background-attachment:initial;background-size:initial;background-origin:initial;background-clip:initial;background-position:initial;background-repeat:initial;">尼斯</span></span>逝世。 </p> <h2style="font-weight:normal;margin:1em0px0.25em;overflow:hidden;padding:0px;border-bottom-width:1px;border-bottom-style:solid;border-bottom-color:#AAAAAA;font-family:"line-height:1.3;white-space:normal;background:none#FFFFFF;"> <spanclass="mw-headline"id=".E5.8F.82.E8.80.83.E6.96.87.E7.8C.AE">参考文献</span> </h2> <olclass="references"style="margin:0.3em0px0.5em3.2em;padding:0px;list-style-image:none;font-size:12.6px;list-style-type:inherit;"> <liid="cite_note-1"style="margin-bottom:0.1em;"> <b><spanstyle="color:#0b0080;"><spanstyle="background-image:none;background-attachment:initial;background-size:initial;background-origin:initial;background-clip:initial;background-position:initial;background-repeat:initial;">^</span></span></b> <spanclass="reference-text"><citeclass="citationjournal"style="font-style:normal;">Purver,Judith.Eichendorff:Kierkegaard’sReceptionofaGermanRomantic.KierkegaardandhisGermanContemporaries,ed.JonStewart.2009,.Andover:Ashgate:2.</cite><spantitle="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E7%BA%A6%E7%91%9F%E5%A4%AB+%B7%E5%BC%97%E8%B5%96%E8%B5%AB%E5%B0%94+%B7%E5%86%AF+%B7%E8%89%BE%E5%85%B4%E5%A4%9A%E5%B0%94%E5%A4%AB&rft.atitle=Eichendorff%3A+Kierkegaard%99s+Reception+of+a+German+Romantic&rft.aufirst=Judith&rft.aulast=Purver&rft.date=2009&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Kierkegaard+and+his+German+Contemporaries%2C+ed.+Jon+Stewart&rft.pages=2&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.volume=Andover%3A+Ashgate"class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol> <h2style="font-weight:normal;margin:1em0px0.25em;overflow:hidden;padding:0px;border-bottom-width:1px;border-bottom-style:solid;border-bottom-color:#AAAAAA;font-family:"line-height:1.3;white-space:normal;background:none#FFFFFF;"> <spanclass="mw-headline"id=".E5.8F.82.E8.A7.81.E6.96.87.E7.8C.AE">参见文献</span> </h2> <olstyle="margin:0.3em0px0px3.2em;padding:0px;list-style-image:none;"> <listyle="margin-bottom:0.1em;"> <spanstyle="color:#0b0080;"><spanstyle="border-width:initial;background-image:none;background-attachment:initial;background-size:initial;background-origin:initial;background-clip:initial;background-position:initial;background-repeat:initial;"></span></span> <citeclass="citationencyclopaedia"style="font-style:normal;"><spanstyle="color:#663366;"><spanstyle="background-image:none;background-attachment:initial;background-size:initial;background-origin:initial;background-clip:initial;background-position:initial;background-repeat:initial;">Eichendorff,Joseph,Freiherrvon</span></span>. <spanstyle="color:#0b0080;"><spanstyle="background-image:none;background-attachment:initial;background-size:initial;background-origin:initial;background-clip:initial;background-position:initial;background-repeat:initial;">大英百科全书</span></span> 第十一版.1911年.</cite><spantitle="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E7%BA%A6%E7%91%9F%E5%A4%AB+%B7%E5%BC%97%E8%B5%96%E8%B5%AB%E5%B0%94+%B7%E5%86%AF+%B7%E8%89%BE%E5%85%B4%E5%A4%9A%E5%B0%94%E5%A4%AB&rft.atitle=Eichendorff%2C+Joseph%2C+Freiherr+von&rft.btitle=%E5%A4%A7%E8%B1%E7%99%BE%E7%A7%91%E5%85%A8%E6%9B%B8&rft.date=1911&rft.edition=%E7%AC%AC%E5%81%E4%B8%E7%89%88&rft.genre=bookitem&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook"class="Z3988"></span> </li> <listyle="margin-bottom:0.1em;"> <citeclass="citationencyclopaedia"style="font-style:normal;"><spanstyle="color:#663366;"><spanstyle="background-image:none;background-attachment:initial;background-size:initial;background-origin:initial;background-clip:initial;background-position:initial;background-repeat:initial;">Eichendorff,Joseph,Baronvon</span></span>.NewInternationalEncyclopedia.1905.</cite> </li> </ol> </p>
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