江苏省连云港市海庆中学八年级上第一次月考生物试卷（解析版）
题型：选择题※难度：较易
<div><div><p>【题目】人体内具有运输氧和部分二氧化碳作用的血细胞是（ ）</p><p>A．血小板 B．白细胞 C．红细胞</p><p> </p></div></div>
<div><p>【答案】C</p><p>【解析】</p><p>试题分析：血液的成分包括血浆和血细胞。血细胞包括红细胞、白细胞和血小板．红细胞中富含血红蛋白，血红蛋白在氧含量高的地方与氧结合，在氧含量低的地方与氧分离，可见红细胞具有携带氧的功能，此外还能运输部分二氧化碳。</p></div>
题型：填空题
※难度：一般
<div><div><p>【题目】下表为四位患者的血常规检查中，异常项目的计数结果，表中还提供了相应项目的正常范围。根据表中数据，回答：</p><table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="border:0.75pt solid #000000; border-collapse:collapse"><tr><td style="width:34.2pt; border-right-style:solid; border-right-width:0.75pt; border-bottom-style:solid; border-bottom-width:0.75pt; padding-right:5.03pt; padding-left:5.03pt; vertical-align:top"><p>患者</p></td><td style="width:115.2pt; border-right-style:solid; border-right-width:0.75pt; border-left-style:solid; border-left-width:0.75pt; border-bottom-style:solid; border-bottom-width:0.75pt; padding-right:5.03pt; padding-left:5.03pt; vertical-align:top"><p>检查项目</p></td><td style="width:88.2pt; border-right-style:solid; border-right-width:0.75pt; border-left-style:solid; border-left-width:0.75pt; border-bottom-style:solid; border-bottom-width:0.75pt; padding-right:5.03pt; padding-left:5.03pt; vertical-align:top"><p>检查结果</p></td><td style="width:133.2pt; border-left-style:solid; border-left-width:0.75pt; border-bottom-style:solid; border-bottom-width:0.75pt; padding-right:5.03pt; padding-left:5.03pt; vertical-align:top"><p>正常范围</p></td></tr><tr><td style="width:34.2pt; border-top-style:solid; border-top-width:0.75pt; border-right-style:solid; border-right-width:0.75pt; border-bottom-style:solid; border-bottom-width:0.75pt; padding-right:5.03pt; padding-left:5.03pt; vertical-align:top"><p>A</p></td><td style="width:115.2pt; border-style:solid; border-width:0.75pt; padding-right:5.03pt; padding-left:5.03pt; vertical-align:top"><p>红细胞计数（RBC）</p></td><td style="width:88.2pt; border-style:solid; border-width:0.75pt; padding-right:5.03pt; padding-left:5.03pt; vertical-align:top"><p>2．8×1012/L</p></td><td style="width:133.2pt; border-top-style:solid; border-top-width:0.75pt; border-left-style:solid; border-left-width:0.75pt; border-bottom-style:solid; border-bottom-width:0.75pt; padding-right:5.03pt; padding-left:5.03pt; vertical-align:top"><p>3．5×1012~5．5×1012/L</p></td></tr><tr><td style="width:34.2pt; border-top-style:solid; border-top-width:0.75pt; border-right-style:solid; border-right-width:0.75pt; border-bottom-style:solid; border-bottom-width:0.75pt; padding-right:5.03pt; padding-left:5.03pt; vertical-align:top"><p>B</p></td><td style="width:115.2pt; border-style:solid; border-width:0.75pt; padding-right:5.03pt; padding-left:5.03pt; vertical-align:top"><p>白细胞计数（WBC）</p></td><td style="width:88.2pt; border-style:solid; border-width:0.75pt; padding-right:5.03pt; padding-left:5.03pt; vertical-align:top"><p>1．5×1010/L</p></td><td style="width:133.2pt; border-top-style:solid; border-top-width:0.75pt; border-left-style:solid; border-left-width:0.75pt; border-bottom-style:solid; border-bottom-width:0.75pt; padding-right:5.03pt; padding-left:5.03pt; vertical-align:top"><p>5．0×109~1．0×1010/L</p></td></tr><tr><td style="width:34.2pt; border-top-style:solid; border-top-width:0.75pt; border-right-style:solid; border-right-width:0.75pt; border-bottom-style:solid; border-bottom-width:0.75pt; padding-right:5.03pt; padding-left:5.03pt; vertical-align:top"><p>C</p></td><td style="width:115.2pt; border-style:solid; border-width:0.75pt; padding-right:5.03pt; padding-left:5.03pt; vertical-align:top"><p>血小板计数（PLT）</p></td><td style="width:88.2pt; border-style:solid; border-width:0.75pt; padding-right:5.03pt; padding-left:5.03pt; vertical-align:top"><p>1．0×1011/L</p></td><td style="width:133.2pt; border-top-style:solid; border-top-width:0.75pt; border-left-style:solid; border-left-width:0.75pt; border-bottom-style:solid; border-bottom-width:0.75pt; padding-right:5.03pt; padding-left:5.03pt; vertical-align:top"><p>1．5×1011~3．5×1011/L</p></td></tr><tr><td style="width:34.2pt; border-top-style:solid; border-top-width:0.75pt; border-right-style:solid; border-right-width:0.75pt; padding-right:5.03pt; padding-left:5.03pt; vertical-align:top"><p>D</p></td><td style="width:115.2pt; border-top-style:solid; border-top-width:0.75pt; border-right-style:solid; border-right-width:0.75pt; border-left-style:solid; border-left-width:0.75pt; padding-right:5.03pt; padding-left:5.03pt; vertical-align:top"><p>血红蛋白（Hb）</p></td><td style="width:88.2pt; border-top-style:solid; border-top-width:0.75pt; border-right-style:solid; border-right-width:0.75pt; border-left-style:solid; border-left-width:0.75pt; padding-right:5.03pt; padding-left:5.03pt; vertical-align:top"><p>88g/L</p></td><td style="width:133.2pt; border-top-style:solid; border-top-width:0.75pt; border-left-style:solid; border-left-width:0.75pt; padding-right:5.03pt; padding-left:5.03pt; vertical-align:top"><p>110~160g /L</p></td></tr></table><p>（1）患者A可能患有___________，理由是___________________________________。</p><p>（2）患者B可能患有___________，理由是___________________________________。</p><p>（3）患者C可能患有___________，理由是___________________________________。</p><p>（4）患者D可能患有___________，理由是___________________________________。</p><p> </p></div></div>
<div><p>【答案】（1）贫血；红细胞的数目低于正常值</p><p>（2）炎症；白细胞数目高于正常值</p><p>（3）凝血障碍；血小板的数目低于正常值</p><p>（4）缺铁性贫血；血红蛋白的含量明显低于正常值</p><p>【解析】</p><p>试题分析：（1）红细胞的正常值为：（3．5～5．5）×1012个/L，而患者A的红细胞数量为2．8ⅹ1012/L，此人可能患有贫血；</p><p>（2）白细胞的正常值为：（5～10）×109个/L，而测定值为1．5ⅹ1010/L，高于正常值，由于白细胞具有防御疾病的功能，故此人身体由炎症；</p><p>（3）血小板的正常值为：（1．5～3．5）×1011个/L，而测定值为1．0ⅹ1011/L，此人血小板的数量不正常，低于正常值．由于血小板具有止血和加速凝血的作用，故此人的凝血功能发生障碍；</p><p>（4）血红蛋白的正常值为：110～160g/L，而测定值为88g/L，此人血红蛋白的数量不正常，低于正常值．由于血红蛋白是一种红色含铁的蛋白质，故此人患有缺铁性贫血．</p></div>
页:
[1]