北师大版八级上册生物同步练习：5.16.3 动物行为的研究-人人终身学习知识网~是各类综合知识资源信息分享，提升综合素质与提高知识技能的终身学习网络平台名校卷初中

admins 发表于 2021-3-16 22:33:30

北师大版八年级上册生物同步练习：5.16.3 动物行为的研究

题型：选择题
※难度：较易
<div><div>【题目】张大妈的鸡平时散养在山坡上，只要一吹哨，鸡群就跑回家中。张大妈在训练鸡群的过程中，需要反复进行的是（ ）A. 喂食前先吹哨 B. 喂食后再吹哨C. 只喂食不吹哨 D. 只吹哨，不喂食 </div></div>
<div>【答案】A【解析】建立条件反射的过程如下：用无关刺激（如哨声）单独作用几秒钟，再用一非条件刺激（如喂食）跟它结合，两者共同作用一定时间。结合若干次以后，单独使用无关刺激，就能引起原来由非条件刺激引起的反射，这里哨声已经变成鸡群听哨声集合的条件刺激，条件反射就形成了。因此训练鸡群听哨声集合，可以反复进行喂食前先吹哨。</div>

题型：选择题
※难度：一般
<div><div>【题目】研究动物行为的方法主要是采取A. 观察法和文献法 B. 统计法和推理法C. 观察法和实验法 D. 所有方法综合使用 </div></div>
<div>【答案】C【解析】试题分析：观察法和实验法是人们研究动物行为所采用的主要方法。学探究的一般过程：提出问题、做出假设、制定计划、实施计划、得出结论、表达和交流。按探究计划进行观察，调查和实验，收集数据、统计处理数据、评价数据的可靠性，推理分析实验现象，并不是研究动物行为所采用的主要方法。</div>

题型：选择题
※难度：较易
<div><div>【题目】研究动物行为的根本目的是（　）A. 认识和了解动物B. 掌握动物行为变化的规律C. 保护动物的多样性，利用有益动物，控制和防除有害动物D. 保护有益动物，消灭有害动物 </div></div>
<div>【答案】C【解析】动物行为是生物进行的从外部可察觉到的有适应意义的活动。研究动物行为的根本目的是保护动物的多样性，认识和利用有益的动物、控制和防除有害的动物。</div>

题型：综合题
※难度：一般
<div><div>【题目】实验人员想了解新孵化的鸟类是怎样获得对它们母亲的情感的。他们选择了6只刚孵化的小鸭。小鸭①、②、③刚孵化出来就被从它们的出生地移走了，使它们没有见到自己的母亲。小鸭④、⑤、⑥还和它们的母亲在一起。实验人员给小鸭①、②、③展示了一个气球，同时放母鸭叫的录音，经过若干天后，实验人员发现小鸭①、②、③模仿母鸭的行为并随时跟随在气球左右。请选择：⑴．小鸭①、②、③的行为发展过程可以用下列哪个术语描述 （_______）A．先天行为 B．条件反射 C.本能 D.学习行为⑵．小鸭④、⑤、⑥最好被称为 （______）A．实验模型 B．对照组 C．实验组 D．一个变量⑶．如果不是把小鸭①、②、③放在气球周围并放母鸭叫的录音，而是将它们放在一只猫的周围并放母鸭叫的录音，则小鸭①、②、③ （______）A.它们可能吓唬其他鸭子 B.它们将失去繁殖能力C.它们会发出类似猫的声音 D.它们会认为猫是它们的母亲 </div></div>
<div>【答案】 D B D</div>

题型：综合题
※难度：一般
<div><div>【题目】实验与探究：三刺鱼的体色为灰色或黑色，繁殖时期的雄性三刺鱼，腹部变为红色，经常相互攻击，是什么引导他们相互攻击的呢？科学工作者设计了以下实验进行研究：实验一：将与雄性三刺鱼大小、形状、颜色完全相同的模型放入水中，可引起其余雄性三刺鱼的攻击。实验二：将同雄性三刺鱼大小、形状相同的而腹部颜色不呈红色的模型入水中，其余雄性三刺鱼视而不见。不引起它们的攻击。由此推则：引起雄性三刺鱼相互攻击的原因可能是腹部的红色。实验三：将大小、形状与雄三刺鱼并不相象但模型的下半部涂上红色的模型放入水中无一例外的受到雄性三刺鱼的猛烈攻击。由此，科学认为雄性三刺鱼相互攻击辨别对手的依据是颜色——红色。根据以上材料回答下例问题：<img src="https://picture.zhihuicn.com/2017/12/31/01/cedaf13c/SYS201712310117226948335323_ST/SYS201712310117226948335323_ST.001.png" width="322" height="200" alt="" style="-aw-left-pos:0pt; -aw-rel-hpos:column; -aw-rel-vpos:paragraph; -aw-top-pos:0pt; -aw-wrap-type:inline" />（1）科学工作者发现和提出的问题是什么？____________________（2）做出的假设是什么？_________________实验方案、结果、结论。_____<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width:100%; border:0.75pt solid #000000; border-collapse:collapse"><tr style="height:18pt"><td style="width:45.45pt; border-right-style:solid; border-right-width:0.75pt; border-bottom-style:solid; border-bottom-width:0.75pt; padding:3.38pt 5.03pt; vertical-align:middle"> </td><td style="width:92.7pt; border-right-style:solid; border-right-width:0.75pt; border-left-style:solid; border-left-width:0.75pt; border-bottom-style:solid; border-bottom-width:0.75pt; padding:3.38pt 5.03pt; vertical-align:middle">模型形状大小</td><td style="width:64.95pt; border-right-style:solid; border-right-width:0.75pt; border-left-style:solid; border-left-width:0.75pt; border-bottom-style:solid; border-bottom-width:0.75pt; padding:3.38pt 5.03pt; vertical-align:middle">腹部颜色</td><td style="width:37.2pt; border-right-style:solid; border-right-width:0.75pt; border-left-style:solid; border-left-width:0.75pt; border-bottom-style:solid; border-bottom-width:0.75pt; padding:3.38pt 5.03pt; vertical-align:middle">结果</td><td style="width:148.95pt; border-left-style:solid; border-left-width:0.75pt; border-bottom-style:solid; border-bottom-width:0.75pt; padding:3.38pt 5.03pt; vertical-align:middle">结论</td></tr><tr style="height:18.75pt"><td style="width:45.45pt; border-top-style:solid; border-top-width:0.75pt; border-right-style:solid; border-right-width:0.75pt; border-bottom-style:solid; border-bottom-width:0.75pt; padding:3.38pt 5.03pt; vertical-align:middle">实验一</td><td style="width:92.7pt; border-style:solid; border-width:0.75pt; padding:3.38pt 5.03pt; vertical-align:middle"> </td><td style="width:64.95pt; border-style:solid; border-width:0.75pt; padding:3.38pt 5.03pt; vertical-align:middle"> </td><td style="width:37.2pt; border-style:solid; border-width:0.75pt; padding:3.38pt 5.03pt; vertical-align:middle"> </td><td rowspan="2" style="width:148.95pt; border-top-style:solid; border-top-width:0.75pt; border-left-style:solid; border-left-width:0.75pt; border-bottom-style:solid; border-bottom-width:0.75pt; padding:3.38pt 5.03pt; vertical-align:middle"> </td></tr><tr style="height:18pt"><td style="width:45.45pt; border-top-style:solid; border-top-width:0.75pt; border-right-style:solid; border-right-width:0.75pt; border-bottom-style:solid; border-bottom-width:0.75pt; padding:3.38pt 5.03pt; vertical-align:middle">实验二</td><td style="width:92.7pt; border-style:solid; border-width:0.75pt; padding:3.38pt 5.03pt; vertical-align:middle"> </td><td style="width:64.95pt; border-style:solid; border-width:0.75pt; padding:3.38pt 5.03pt; vertical-align:middle"> </td><td style="width:37.2pt; border-style:solid; border-width:0.75pt; padding:3.38pt 5.03pt; vertical-align:middle"> </td></tr><tr style="height:18.75pt"><td style="width:45.45pt; border-top-style:solid; border-top-width:0.75pt; border-right-style:solid; border-right-width:0.75pt; padding:3.38pt 5.03pt; vertical-align:middle">实验三</td><td style="width:92.7pt; border-top-style:solid; border-top-width:0.75pt; border-right-style:solid; border-right-width:0.75pt; border-left-style:solid; border-left-width:0.75pt; padding:3.38pt 5.03pt; vertical-align:middle"> </td><td style="width:64.95pt; border-top-style:solid; border-top-width:0.75pt; border-right-style:solid; border-right-width:0.75pt; border-left-style:solid; border-left-width:0.75pt; padding:3.38pt 5.03pt; vertical-align:middle"> </td><td style="width:37.2pt; border-top-style:solid; border-top-width:0.75pt; border-right-style:solid; border-right-width:0.75pt; border-left-style:solid; border-left-width:0.75pt; padding:3.38pt 5.03pt; vertical-align:middle"> </td><td style="width:148.95pt; border-top-style:solid; border-top-width:0.75pt; border-left-style:solid; border-left-width:0.75pt; padding:3.38pt 5.03pt; vertical-align:middle"> </td></tr></table>   </div></div>
<div>【答案】是什么引导雄性三刺鱼相互攻击的呢雄性三刺鱼相互攻击辨别对手的依据是颜色——红色。 <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width:76%; border:0.75pt solid #000000; border-collapse:collapse"><tr style="height:17.25pt"><td style="width:31.2pt; border-right-style:solid; border-right-width:0.75pt; border-bottom-style:solid; border-bottom-width:0.75pt; padding:3.38pt 5.03pt; vertical-align:middle"> </td><td style="width:58.2pt; border-right-style:solid; border-right-width:0.75pt; border-left-style:solid; border-left-width:0.75pt; border-bottom-style:solid; border-bottom-width:0.75pt; padding:3.38pt 5.03pt; vertical-align:middle">模型形状大小</td><td style="width:40.2pt; border-right-style:solid; border-right-width:0.75pt; border-left-style:solid; border-left-width:0.75pt; border-bottom-style:solid; border-bottom-width:0.75pt; padding:3.38pt 5.03pt; vertical-align:middle">腹部颜色</td><td style="width:49.95pt; border-right-style:solid; border-right-width:0.75pt; border-left-style:solid; border-left-width:0.75pt; border-bottom-style:solid; border-bottom-width:0.75pt; padding:3.38pt 5.03pt; vertical-align:middle">结果</td><td style="width:88.95pt; border-left-style:solid; border-left-width:0.75pt; border-bottom-style:solid; border-bottom-width:0.75pt; padding:3.38pt 5.03pt; vertical-align:middle">结论</td></tr><tr style="height:18pt"><td style="width:31.2pt; border-top-style:solid; border-top-width:0.75pt; border-right-style:solid; border-right-width:0.75pt; border-bottom-style:solid; border-bottom-width:0.75pt; padding:3.38pt 5.03pt; vertical-align:middle">实验一</td><td style="width:58.2pt; border-style:solid; border-width:0.75pt; padding:3.38pt 5.03pt; vertical-align:middle">完全相同</td><td style="width:40.2pt; border-style:solid; border-width:0.75pt; padding:3.38pt 5.03pt; vertical-align:middle">红色</td><td style="width:49.95pt; border-style:solid; border-width:0.75pt; padding:3.38pt 5.03pt; vertical-align:middle">引起攻击</td><td rowspan="2" style="width:88.95pt; border-top-style:solid; border-top-width:0.75pt; border-left-style:solid; border-left-width:0.75pt; border-bottom-style:solid; border-bottom-width:0.75pt; padding:3.38pt 5.03pt; vertical-align:middle">引起雄性三刺鱼相互攻击的原因可能是腹部的红色</td></tr><tr style="height:17.25pt"><td style="width:31.2pt; border-top-style:solid; border-top-width:0.75pt; border-right-style:solid; border-right-width:0.75pt; border-bottom-style:solid; border-bottom-width:0.75pt; padding:3.38pt 5.03pt; vertical-align:middle">实验二</td><td style="width:58.2pt; border-style:solid; border-width:0.75pt; padding:3.38pt 5.03pt; vertical-align:middle">相同</td><td style="width:40.2pt; border-style:solid; border-width:0.75pt; padding:3.38pt 5.03pt; vertical-align:middle">不呈红色</td><td style="width:49.95pt; border-style:solid; border-width:0.75pt; padding:3.38pt 5.03pt; vertical-align:middle">不引起攻击</td></tr><tr style="height:18pt"><td style="width:31.2pt; border-top-style:solid; border-top-width:0.75pt; border-right-style:solid; border-right-width:0.75pt; padding:3.38pt 5.03pt; vertical-align:middle">实验三</td><td style="width:58.2pt; border-top-style:solid; border-top-width:0.75pt; border-right-style:solid; border-right-width:0.75pt; border-left-style:solid; border-left-width:0.75pt; padding:3.38pt 5.03pt; vertical-align:middle">不相象</td><td style="width:40.2pt; border-top-style:solid; border-top-width:0.75pt; border-right-style:solid; border-right-width:0.75pt; border-left-style:solid; border-left-width:0.75pt; padding:3.38pt 5.03pt; vertical-align:middle">红色</td><td style="width:49.95pt; border-top-style:solid; border-top-width:0.75pt; border-right-style:solid; border-right-width:0.75pt; border-left-style:solid; border-left-width:0.75pt; padding:3.38pt 5.03pt; vertical-align:middle">猛烈攻击</td><td style="width:88.95pt; border-top-style:solid; border-top-width:0.75pt; border-left-style:solid; border-left-width:0.75pt; padding:3.38pt 5.03pt; vertical-align:middle">雄性三刺鱼相互攻击辨别对手的依据是红颜色</td></tr></table>【解析】通过阅读材料可知：（1）科学工作者发现和提出的问题是：是什么引导雄性三刺鱼相互攻击的呢？（2）做出的假设是：雄性三刺鱼相互攻击辨别对手的依据是颜色——红色。实验方案、结果、结论如下：<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width:100%; border:0.75pt solid #000000; border-collapse:collapse"><tr style="height:18pt"><td style="width:50.7pt; border-right-style:solid; border-right-width:0.75pt; border-bottom-style:solid; border-bottom-width:0.75pt; padding:3.38pt 5.03pt; vertical-align:middle"> </td><td style="width:92.7pt; border-right-style:solid; border-right-width:0.75pt; border-left-style:solid; border-left-width:0.75pt; border-bottom-style:solid; border-bottom-width:0.75pt; padding:3.38pt 5.03pt; vertical-align:middle">模型形状大小</td><td style="width:64.95pt; border-right-style:solid; border-right-width:0.75pt; border-left-style:solid; border-left-width:0.75pt; border-bottom-style:solid; border-bottom-width:0.75pt; padding:3.38pt 5.03pt; vertical-align:middle">腹部颜色</td><td style="width:79.2pt; border-right-style:solid; border-right-width:0.75pt; border-left-style:solid; border-left-width:0.75pt; border-bottom-style:solid; border-bottom-width:0.75pt; padding:3.38pt 5.03pt; vertical-align:middle">结果</td><td style="width:139.95pt; border-left-style:solid; border-left-width:0.75pt; border-bottom-style:solid; border-bottom-width:0.75pt; padding:3.38pt 5.03pt; vertical-align:middle">结论</td></tr><tr style="height:18.75pt"><td style="width:50.7pt; border-top-style:solid; border-top-width:0.75pt; border-right-style:solid; border-right-width:0.75pt; border-bottom-style:solid; border-bottom-width:0.75pt; padding:3.38pt 5.03pt; vertical-align:middle">实验一</td><td style="width:92.7pt; border-style:solid; border-width:0.75pt; padding:3.38pt 5.03pt; vertical-align:middle">完全相同</td><td style="width:64.95pt; border-style:solid; border-width:0.75pt; padding:3.38pt 5.03pt; vertical-align:middle">红色</td><td style="width:79.2pt; border-style:solid; border-width:0.75pt; padding:3.38pt 5.03pt; vertical-align:middle">引起攻击</td><td rowspan="2" style="width:139.95pt; border-top-style:solid; border-top-width:0.75pt; border-left-style:solid; border-left-width:0.75pt; border-bottom-style:solid; border-bottom-width:0.75pt; padding:3.38pt 5.03pt; vertical-align:middle">引起雄性三刺鱼相互攻击的原因可能是腹部的红色</td></tr><tr style="height:18pt"><td style="width:50.7pt; border-top-style:solid; border-top-width:0.75pt; border-right-style:solid; border-right-width:0.75pt; border-bottom-style:solid; border-bottom-width:0.75pt; padding:3.38pt 5.03pt; vertical-align:middle">实验二</td><td style="width:92.7pt; border-style:solid; border-width:0.75pt; padding:3.38pt 5.03pt; vertical-align:middle">相同</td><td style="width:64.95pt; border-style:solid; border-width:0.75pt; padding:3.38pt 5.03pt; vertical-align:middle">不呈红色</td><td style="width:79.2pt; border-style:solid; border-width:0.75pt; padding:3.38pt 5.03pt; vertical-align:middle">不引起攻击</td></tr><tr style="height:18.75pt"><td style="width:50.7pt; border-top-style:solid; border-top-width:0.75pt; border-right-style:solid; border-right-width:0.75pt; padding:3.38pt 5.03pt; vertical-align:middle">实验三</td><td style="width:92.7pt; border-top-style:solid; border-top-width:0.75pt; border-right-style:solid; border-right-width:0.75pt; border-left-style:solid; border-left-width:0.75pt; padding:3.38pt 5.03pt; vertical-align:middle">不相象</td><td style="width:64.95pt; border-top-style:solid; border-top-width:0.75pt; border-right-style:solid; border-right-width:0.75pt; border-left-style:solid; border-left-width:0.75pt; padding:3.38pt 5.03pt; vertical-align:middle">红色</td><td style="width:79.2pt; border-top-style:solid; border-top-width:0.75pt; border-right-style:solid; border-right-width:0.75pt; border-left-style:solid; border-left-width:0.75pt; padding:3.38pt 5.03pt; vertical-align:middle">猛烈攻击</td><td style="width:139.95pt; border-top-style:solid; border-top-width:0.75pt; border-left-style:solid; border-left-width:0.75pt; padding:3.38pt 5.03pt; vertical-align:middle">雄性三刺鱼相互攻击辨别对手的依据是红颜色</td></tr></table> </div>

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人人终身学习知识网~是各类综合知识资源信息分享，提升综合素质与提高知识技能的终身学习网络平台's Archiver

北师大版八年级上册生物同步练习：5.16.3 动物行为的研究