草木皆兵的故事
<p>东晋时代，秦王苻坚控制了北部中国。公元383年，苻坚率领步兵、骑兵90万，攻打江南的晋朝。晋军大将谢石、谢玄领兵8万前去抵抗。苻坚得知晋军兵力不足，就想以多胜少，抓住机会，迅速出击。</p><p>谁料，苻坚的先锋部队25万在寿春一带被晋军出奇击败，损失惨重，大将被杀，士兵死伤万余。秦军的锐气大挫，军心动摇，士兵惊恐万状，纷纷逃跑。此时，苻坚在寿春城上望见晋军队伍严整，士气高昂，再北望八公山，只见山上一草一木都像晋军的士兵一样。苻坚回过头对弟弟说：“这是多么强大的敌人啊！怎么能说晋军兵力不足呢？”他后悔自己过于轻敌了。</p><p>出师不利给苻坚心头蒙上了不祥的阴影，他令部队靠淝水北岸布阵，企图凭借地理优势扭转战局。这时晋军将领谢玄提出要求，要秦军稍往后退，让出一点地方，以便渡河作战。苻坚暗笑晋军将领不懂作战常识www.diyifanwen.com，想利用晋军忙于渡河难于作战之机，给它来个突然袭击，于是欣然接受了晋军的请求。</p><p>谁知，后退的军令一下，秦军如潮水一般溃不成军，而晋军则趁势渡河追击，把秦军杀得丢盔弃甲，尸横遍地。苻坚中箭而逃。</p><p>故事出自《晋书·苻坚·载记》。成语“草木皆兵”，形容神经过敏、疑神疑鬼的惊恐心理。</p><p></p><p></p><p>everybushandtreelookslikeanenemy</p><p>duringtheeasternjindynasty,fujian,kingofthestateofqin,controllednorthernchina.intheyear383,fujianled900,000infantryandcavalrytroopstoassaultthestateofjinwhichwassouthoftheyangtzeriver.xieshiandxiexuan,seniorgeneralsofthejinarmy,led80,000troopstoofferresistance.knowingthatthejinarmywasshortofmen,fujianwantedtoseizethisopportunityofbeingmuchmorenumerousinarmedforcestostageaquickattack.</p><p>unexpectedly,thevanoffujian'sarmyof250,000troopswasdefeatedintheshouchunareabyaningeniousmilitarymoveofthejinarmyandsufferedheavylosses.theseniorgeneralofthevanoffujian'sarmywaskilled,andtherewereheavycasualtiesofmorethan10,000soldiers.fujian'sarmywasdispiritedanditsmoralewasshaken.manysoldierswereinsuchagreatpanicthattheywaitedforopportunitiestorunaway.standingonthecitywalloftheshouchuncity,fujianandhisbrotherfurongsawthattheranksofthejinarmywereingoodorderandthatthemoraleofthejinarmywashigh.turningtohisbrother,fujiansaid,"whatapowerfulenemythisis!whydidpeoplesaythatthejinarmywasshortofmen?"hedeeplyregrettedthathehadtakentheenemytoolightly.</p><p>overshadowedbythedisastrousdefeat,fujianorderedhistroopstobedeployedinbattleformationonthenorthsideofthefeishuiriver,inanattempttoregaintheinitiativebyrelyingonthesuperiorgeographicalconditions.thenxieshiandxiexuan,theseniorgeneralsofthejinarmy,suggestedthatfujian'sarmyretreatalittlebit,leavingsomespace,sothatthejinarmycouldcrosstherivertoconductooperations.fujianthoughtthathischancehadcome,believingthattheseniorgeneralsofthejinarmydidnothavetheelementaryknowledgeofwarfare.itwashisplantostageasuddenattackwhilethetroopsofthejinarmywasbusycrossingtheriver,andhewassurethathisplanwouldword.sohewillinglyacceptedthesuggestionofthejinarmy.</p><p>unexpectedly,themomenttheordertoretreatwasgiven,fujian'stroopswereutterlyroutedandcouldbynomeansbecontrolled.takingadvantageofthisfavorablesituation,thejinarmycrossedtheriver,pursuingandattackingtheenemy.thetrooopsoffujian'sarmythrewawayeverythinginheadlongflight,andthefieldwaslitteredwiththecorpsesofthesoldiersoffujian'sarmy.furongwaskilledinthetangledfighting,andfujianwashitbyanarrowandranaway.thejinarmywonabrilliantvictorybydefeatingabigarmywithitslimitedarmedforces.</p><p>thisstorycomesfrom"thelifeoffujian"inthevolume"records"ofthehistoryofthejindynasty.thesetphrase"everybushandtreelookslikeanenemy"issubsequentlyusedtorefertoastateofextremenervousness.</p><p><br><br><p>
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